ShikshaTopQuestions-Mass Communication

Hi,
Does lovely weather or delicious treats make your fingers itch to click a snap? Then like many others you are a budding photographer in the making. Most famous photographers start off by taking photographs at a family celebration or capturing the scenic beauty of a vacation. Thus, for most people in this field, photography first starts as a hobby which later on becomes a passion, so strong that one cannot think of joining any other profession irrespective of the pay scale/package they are being offered.
Earlier, one had to learn the nuances of photography on job or maybe by working as a helper with bigger photographers. However, now one can easily secure the necessary skills at good colleges. Some of the best colleges offering photography courses are mentioned on the link offered below:
https://www.shiksha.com/arts-fine-visual-performing/photography/colleges/colleges-india

An ad agency performs the following four basic functions for its clients:
Creative Functions including ad designing, copywriting, ad copy creation, message designing and graphic designing.
Media Selection choosing the best media for its client in accordance with the nature of product, type of target audience and advertising budget of the client.
Research Functions researching the consumer buying behaviour of the clients target market to design an ad campaign that is accepted by the potential consumers and make them respond favourably.
Relationship Management providing liaison between the client and various sections/divisions/departments of the ad agency for the convenience of the client and building long-term relationship with them.
Others: sometimes the ad agency goes a step further to provide sales promotion services, building public relations and taking up the task of direct marketing for the client. Advertising Agencies in order to reach the target audience monitor consumer feedback after the advertisement. A decision on whether to revise the message, the medium, the target audience or all of them can be made.
People with specific skills and talents in an Ad agency perform the functions mentioned above. On the basis of the functions performed, there are various agency staff positions or departments involving staff of related skills. They can be grouped as follows:
Account Manager
Account Planning and Research
Creative Development and Production
Media Planning and Buying
Other Services: There are other departments or units in an agency that perform functions related to print and film production, financial services like preparing bills and ensuring collections and human resources services, and other internal functions. There are also people involved with work of material dispatch, media release and its monitoring and post-tests to evaluate its success.
The flow of work in an advertising agency goes through a number of stages like, the briefing stage that involves receiving the initial inputs from the client and delivering the same to the creative and media department, to creation and production stage that includes the production of graphics and the print ad or the film ad and the media planning and scheduling operations, to finally the release stage of the campaign.

Hi,
Necessary skills required to be a director:
Writing
Even if a director has never written a script in his life, he still needs to understand how one is written. Screenplays have specific three-act structures, and being able to recognize how a script adheres to this structure is an important skill in filmmaking. Often, a director will rewrite a script to put his own stamp on it, whether it is a simple polish for dialogue or a complete overhaul to meet his creative needs. Whatever the reason, doing this will be difficult without the ability to write.
Visual Storytelling
The written word on the scripts page is the start, but ultimately the filmmaker has to translate those words to images. To do this, he must be able to tell a story visually. Many film students start out making silent films. The reason for this is to teach them how to convey the action onscreen without words. The audience should have an idea of what is happening onscreen, even if the characters arent speaking. Dialogue and music will ultimately enhance a film, but cannot save a picture if it is visually confusing.
Communication
Making a film is virtually impossible to do on your own. You have to manage actors, camera operators, sound technicians and editors at minimum. The larger the film, the more moving parts you must manage. Successfully navigating different workers - each with his or her own ideas, methods and egos - requires strong communication skills. You have to successfully convey your vision to each of them to ensure it ends up reflected in the finished film.
Technical Expertise
It's not uncommon for a creative person to have no interest in the technical side of things. This does not work for a filmmaker, however, as his idea of John bursts through the door may be totally different from the director of photographs. You don't need to know every moving part of a camera, a light filter or a boom microphone. However, you do need to know how to frame and light a shot and be able to recognize when sound levels are off. If you don't have the know-how to do these things, the finished product will not be your complete vision.

Photography is a trending career for most of the people in recent days. It is not only taken as a hobby but also as a profession for most of the dedicated people. There are great opportunities for photographers. Government organisations recruit photographers on regular pay scale to do general photography documentation for covering day-to-day functions and events and for making photo captioning and photo featuring. Fashion photographers can find job placements in newspapers, fashion journals, designer firms and fashion houses. Some of the organizations like the Archeological Survey of India, ISRO, etc. Recruit such people for the documentation related to their recent achievements and activities. Professionals can take various professions in photography like freelancing, wildlife and nature, digital photography, forensic photography, industrial photography, wedding photography, photo-journalists, etc.
Pay scale: initially an amateur photographer can earn around 2-3 lacs per annum while a skilled one can earn more than 6 lacs per annum.

Screen writing is the art of creating the story, developing the characters and providing dialogues to the same. Screen writers create the skeletal structure of the movie and provide the basic foundation, which is later imagined and intensified by putting it up on the storyboard and eventually on the film. Scriptwriters are responsible for forming the skeleton that a Director can then add to. They always keep in mind that the beauty of their writing should come from the performance, rather than the writing itself. They come up with ideas, do research and write stories based on their research and personal observations and experiences. Scriptwriters often write original stories, but some adapt from existing novels, films, short stories etc. Scriptwriters are often involved in brainstorming and conceptualizing. This does not mean that they just sit in one spot and try to come up with a concept. As a matter of fact, they are always on the lookout for interesting situations, characters, and concepts that can be a part of their story. Their main job is to come up with an innovative idea or concept, as the rest of the story will be based on this concept. Researching is a very important task that every Scriptwriter has to perform. As Scriptwriters write for visual mediums, they have to have a good idea about the non-fiction side of their story. For example, if a Scriptwriter is writing a story based on the army, he/she will have to research about how people from the army talk, how they walk, what are their houses like, etc.
The most important job for any Scriptwriter in the world is to write. Even though this sounds simple, but this is the task that differentiates between a good and an exceptional writer. It is essential for Scriptwriters to convert their ideas into full-fledged scripts. They have to take their writing as work, and not art. Scriptwriters make sure that they sit every day and write Scenes, Dialogues, and Characters. Once they write their script, they should revise it and look for places scenes which have a scope for improvement. Scriptwriters develop characters and situations that are visually entertaining. How to become a screenwriter? The Bachelor's course in screenwriting can range from a three-year course, with a focus on study in film direction. There is also a one-year Diploma, that focuses entirely on screenwriting. One will learn a lot about screenwriting through experienced teachers.

Cinematography is the art or science of motion-picture photography. A cinematographer or director of photography (DOP) is the chief over the camera and light crews working on a film, television production. He/she is responsible for making artistic and technical decisions related to the image. The film industry in India comes under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. The following is the list of some of the government organizations in the film industry in India is given below:
1)National Film Development Corporation
2)Children Film Society
3)Satyajit Ray Film & Television Institute
4)Film & Television Institute of India
5)Central Board of Film Certification
6)National Film Archives of India
7)Directorate of Film Festival
One can work as: Director, stenographer, lecturers, sound and light engineers, Set supervisor, cameraman, demonstrator, translator, technicians, etc. None needs to have good creativity and technical skills to get a good job with a good salary.

Mass communication is the communication of information from a person, small group of people, or an organisation to a large group of heterogeneous and anonymous people. Simply, it is a means of communication to reach the mass audience. A lot of job profiles are available in the government organisations for graduates in mass communication & journalism. Some of the job profiles in this area include:
1)Broadcast and Sound Technicians
2)Chief reporter and special representative
3)Cinema Projectionist
4)Directors
5)Editors
6)Free Lance Writers
7)Freelance Journalists
8)Journalists
9)Marketing executives
10)Content writers. Few of the government organizations that recruit these grads are AIR - All India Radio, Printing Press, Advertising Agencies, Photography Companies, Legal Affairs Department, TV Channels, Radio Telecasting Companies, news agencies, periodicals, magazines and counting. To get into the Government firms, these graduates have to clear several tests conducted by their respective boards. To clear these tests, they need to set up a good study plan.

The job prospects for public relations and corporate communication are high as there are very less people skilled and made for smart PR and corporate communication. I shall suggest taking a job in case you are getting a good one. If you have strong interest in pursuing higher education in this field then education is always the best option. You should go ahead pursuing higher education from a good place where the two streams get stronger and when you complete the next course, you must be an improved and strong candidate for a job.
Jobs will always be there in these fields and a specialisation in these will lead you good companies and work. .

When it comes to Advertising we need to see the reality that each and everything in Media is Advt Driven and Marketing powered. The same applies on the Jobs as well. There are Jobs all over for those who justify the claim based on skill sets.
Though, government Jobs are not easy to find or grab. There are Lacs of people who apply for the Jobs and there are a few hundred out of Lacs who qualify to teach in schools. The government has nothing actually to do with our own self. We can stay on the better side by giving regular tests, guiding notes, and studies in advertising, TV and PR.
The government offers PR Executive of a District (Qualification MA in Mass Communication). A post-graduation degree in this subject will do the simple act of support for the library.
Government's DAVP which managed the Advertising and Publication of all Printed Advts along with the Digital Advertising also has possible profiles for this mentioned course.