UPSC

The UPSC exam is conducted for around three all-India services, 13 Group A and four Group B posts. These posts are as follows: (a) The posts of all India service
1. IAS Indian Administrative Services
2. Indian Police Services.
3. Indian Forest Service: Only the Prelim is shared for this service; the rest of the Main and Interview are held separately. (b) The posts for Group A:
1. The Indian Foreign Service (IFS)
2. Indian Postal Services
3. Indian Revenue Service (IRS IT)
4. The Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Indirect Taxes)
5. The Indian Defense Accounts Service (IDAS)
6. The Indian Civil Accounts Service (ICAS)
7. The Indian Corporate Law Service (ICLS)
8. Indian Defense Estates Service (IDES)
9. The Indian Information Service (IIS)
10. The Indian Trade Service
11. Indian P and T Accounts and Finance Service
12. The Indian Audit and Accounts Service (IAAS)
13. Indian railway services (Until a separate exam is scheduled. ). (c) Posts in Group B
1. The Armed Forces Headquarters services
2. DANICS
3. DANIPS
4. Pondicherry Civil Service (PONDICS).

There is no one specific reason for the failure of UPSC. This is because more than 5 lakh aspirants apply for just around 800 to 1000 posts. However, some common reasons behind failure in UPSC are:
1. More than 70% of UPSC aspirants have difficulty focusing on their goal. Their monthly or weekly plans remain on paper, and they always have reasons to miss their targets.
2. Lack of guidance: Many aspirants who live in rural areas lack proper guidance. Even today, they face difficulties getting access to study materials. Due to poor internet connectivity, they can't follow up with the latest developments, leading to failure.
3. Less Revision: Revision is the most important part of preparation, and many aspirants simply fail to realize it. They may have around 10 books on single subjects, but they never look back at any.
4. Lack of practice: Many aspirants avoid mock exams, which prevents them from identifying their weak points. That is why they do not perform well on actual tests.
5. Ignoring previous year's questions: It is a proven fact that themes get repeated in prelims and many aspirants keep ignoring the importance of solving PYQ.
6. Sometimes aspirants simply rote learn the syllabus without clearing basic concepts. Due to this, when questions are different, they are unable to attempt them.
7. Some aspirants simply keep running behind notes, mocks, and strategies without actually following any of them, which wastes their precious time and leads to failure. There could be thousands of reasons why 99.9% of candidates fail. However, these are the most common mistakes, which must be avoided at any cost to successfully clear UPSC.

If you are referring to the civil services exam, then as per the UPSC calendar 2023, the Civil Services Prelims is scheduled to be held on May 28. So far, there has been no notification of a syllabus change. As per the latest information, the syllabus will remain the same in 2023 for both the prelims and main exams. If there is any change, it will be notified in the month of February in an official notification from UPSC. There may be some changes in the question pattern as seen in the 2022 papers, but they will be minor and will not be made all of a sudden. Therefore, there is no change in the UPSC syllabus for 2023 as of now. If there will be any change, then it will be notified by official notification months before the exam.

Yes, the question often gets repeated in UPSC prelims. I am giving you an example. In prelims 2020, UPSC asked, "Which part of the Constitution of India declares the ideal of a welfare state? "
This question was taken from the 2015 paper in which it asked, "The ideal of a 'Welfare State' in the Indian Constitution is enshrined in its. "
The answer to both is the same: the directive principles of state policy (DPSP). As you can SEE changing the language or asking in a different way does not change the core question. I am giving you a list of the most frequently asked topics in prelims papers:
1. In history: the Indus Valley Civilization, the Gupta period, Mauryan architecture, the Bhakti movement, Jainism, Buddhism, and the Swadeshi movement; questions related to Gandhi Ji.
2. In geography: Location-based questions, particularly in the Middle East; soil; tropical rainforest; minerals, particularly iron and copper;
3. Environment: Endangered Species, Biodiversity Hotspots related to flora and fauna,
4. In Polity: Constitutional Amendments 42nd and 44th, DPSP, Fundamental Rights and Duties, Parliament, and Committees.
5. Economy: Budget, WTO, Inflation, Reserve Bank of India, World Economic Forum, Economic Survey
That is why previous year's papers are considered the best guide to prepare for the Prelims exam.