Cohesive Devices in IELTS Writing: Use, Examples
International English Language Testing System ( IELTS )
Talk to ExpertAll of the words and phrases used in writing to connect sentences and ideas together are known as cohesive devices. In IELTS writing tasks, cohesive devices are crucial for achieving high scores. However, moreover, like and, but, because and in conclusion, are some common examples of Cohesive devices for IELTS.
Cohesive devices, also known as linking words or connectors, are crucial for achieving coherence and cohesion in IELTS writing. Cohesive devices are essential tools in the IELTS writing section, helping candidates create clear and coherent texts.
Cohesive devices in IELTS writing help to logically connect ideas, making your writing easier to follow and understand. So, the understanding of these devices is crucial for the candidates who are going to write the IELTS, as they significantly impact your writing score. Check details on the various types of cohesive devices, their examples, and their application in both IELTS Writing Task 1 and Task 2.
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What are Cohesive Devices in Writing?
Cohesive devices are words or phrases that help to connect ideas within and between sentences. They make the continuity of writing better as they show how ideas are connected by providing a systematic approach to the writing, which enables the reader to follow the writer’s line of thoughts easily.
Common examples of IELTS Cohesive Devices include conjunctions (like and, but, because), reference words (like this, that, these), and discourse markers (like however, therefore, in conclusion).
Importance of Cohesive Devices in the IELTS Academic Test
In the IELTS Academic Test, particularly in the writing section, cohesive devices play a crucial role in achieving a high score. The assessment criteria for Task 1 and Task 2 include coherence and cohesion, which account for 25% of the total score.
Using cohesive devices correctly ensures that your writing is structured logically. This not only helps readers understand your arguments better but also demonstrates your proficiency in English. Candidates also must note that the overuse or misuse of these devices can lead to confusion and may negatively affect your score.
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Effective use of cohesive devices helps:
- Clarify Relationships: They show how ideas are related, whether they are contrasting, adding information, or providing examples.
- Improve the Flow: They create a smooth transition between sentences and paragraphs, making the text easier to read.
- Show the Language Proficiency: Using a variety of cohesive devices showcases a candidate's vocabulary range and grammatical accuracy.
Types of Cohesive Devices with Examples
The Cohesive devices list for IELTS are mentioned in the table below with easy examples. One can check the Cohesive devices examples for better IELTS preparation for the test.
| Cohesive Device Type |
Cohesive Device Words |
Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| Reference Words |
this, that, it, they, these, those |
The report was detailed. It provided valuable insights. |
| Substitution |
one, do, so |
I prefer coffee to tea; I usually drink one in the morning. |
| Conjunctions |
and, but, or, so, because |
I wanted to go for a walk, but it started raining. |
| Repetition |
(repeating key nouns) |
Education is vital for success. Education opens many doors. |
| Synonyms |
significant, important, crucial |
The results were significant; the findings were also noteworthy. |
| Antonyms |
contrast (e.g., rich/poor) |
Some people prefer city life, while others enjoy the tranquility of the countryside. |
| Collocation |
make a decision, take a break |
We need to make a decision by the end of the week. |
| Discourse Markers |
firstly, however, therefore |
In conclusion, the benefits of |
1. Reference Words
Reference words are pronouns or phrases that refer back to previously mentioned ideas. They help avoid repetition.
- Examples: This, that, it, they
| Reference Word |
Type |
Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| This |
Pronoun |
The new policy was implemented last year. This has led to significant improvements. |
| That |
Pronoun |
The report highlighted several issues. That was a major concern for the management. |
| It |
Pronoun |
The weather was unpredictable. It changed several times during the day. |
| They |
Pronoun |
The students completed their assignments on time. They showed great dedication. |
| These |
Demonstrative |
The results were impressive. These results indicate a positive trend. |
| Those |
Demonstrative |
Many people prefer online shopping. Those who do enjoy the convenience. |
| Such |
Determiner |
Many cities face pollution issues. Such problems require immediate attention. |
| One |
Pronoun (substitution) |
I enjoy reading novels. A good one can transport you to another world. |
| The former |
Reference (comparison) |
In the study, two methods were compared: Method A and Method B. The former proved to be more effective. |
| The latter |
Reference (comparison) |
Two options were presented: attending the seminar or watching it online. The latter is more convenient for many. |
2. Substitution
Substitution involves replacing a noun with another word to avoid redundancy.
- Examples: One, do
| Substitution Word |
Type |
Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| One |
Noun substitution |
I prefer coffee over tea; I drink one every morning. |
| Do |
Verb substitution |
Some students study hard; others do as well. |
| So |
Conjunction substitution |
The weather was terrible, and I was late. I had to take a taxi, so I arrived just in time. |
| Such |
Noun substitution |
He has a unique approach to problem-solving, and such creativity is rare. |
| That |
Pronoun substitution |
There are many options available. You can choose any of that. (referring back to options) |
| It |
Pronoun substitution |
The book was fascinating. I couldn't put it down. |
| This |
Pronoun substitution |
I found the solution to the problem. This will help us move forward. |
| Them |
Pronoun substitution |
The students completed their projects on time. I was impressed with them. |
| Those |
Pronoun substitution |
I have two pets: a dog and a cat. I love both, but I find that I spend more time with those. |
| The same |
Noun phrase substitution |
I visited Paris last year, and this year I'm going to do the same in London. |
3. Conjunctions
Conjunctions are used to connect clauses or sentences.
- Examples: And, but, so, because
| Conjunction |
Type |
Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| And |
Coordinating |
I enjoy reading novels, and I also like watching movies. |
| But |
Coordinating |
She studied hard for the exam, but she still felt unprepared. |
| Or |
Coordinating |
You can choose to study in the morning, or you can study at night. |
| So |
Coordinating |
He was feeling tired, so he decided to take a nap. |
| Because |
Subordinating |
I stayed home because it was raining heavily. |
| Although |
Subordinating |
Although it was late, we decided to continue the discussion. |
| While |
Subordinating |
While I enjoy traveling, I also appreciate staying at home. |
| Since |
Subordinating |
Since the project deadline is approaching, we need to work faster. |
| Unless |
Subordinating |
You won’t succeed in your exams unless you study regularly. |
| Whereas |
Subordinating |
My brother prefers action movies, whereas I enjoy romantic comedies. |
4. Repetition
Repetition highlights key concepts by restating them.
| Repetition Word |
Type |
Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| Education |
Noun |
Education is essential for personal growth. Education also opens doors to better job opportunities. |
| Technology |
Noun |
Technology has transformed our lives. The impact of technology on communication is profound. |
| Health |
Noun |
Maintaining good health is crucial. Health should be a priority for everyone. |
| Environment |
Noun |
The environment is facing many challenges. Protecting the environment is vital for future generations. |
| Skills |
Noun |
Developing new skills can enhance your career. These skills are increasingly important in today's job market. |
| Diversity |
Noun |
Cultural diversity enriches society. Embracing diversity leads to greater understanding among people. |
| Challenges |
Noun |
We face many challenges in our lives. Overcoming these challenges makes us stronger. |
| Innovation |
Noun |
Innovation drives progress in society. Encouraging innovation can lead to significant advancements. |
| Success |
Noun |
Success requires hard work and dedication. Achieving success often comes with many sacrifices. |
| Community |
Noun |
A strong community fosters support and growth. Engaging with your community can lead to meaningful connections. |
5. Collocation
Collocation refers to using words that commonly go together.
| Collocation |
Example Sentence |
|---|---|
| Make a decision |
It is important to make a decision quickly in times of crisis. |
| Take a break |
After studying for hours, it’s essential to take a break to refresh your mind. |
| Do research |
Students are encouraged to do research before writing their essays. |
| Give advice |
Teachers should give advice to students on how to manage their time effectively. |
| Break the news |
The journalist was tasked to break the news about the upcoming election. |
| Catch someone’s attention |
The advertisement was designed to catch the audience's attention immediately. |
| Pay attention |
Students must pay attention during lectures to grasp the concepts being taught. |
| Take action |
It is crucial for governments to take action against climate change. |
| Face challenges |
Many young entrepreneurs will inevitably face challenges as they start their businesses. |
| Reach a conclusion |
After analyzing the data, we can finally reach a conclusion about the experiment. |
6. Discourse Markers
Discourse markers guide readers through the text by signaling transitions or conclusions.
| Discourse Marker |
Type |
Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| Firstly |
Sequencing |
Firstly, it is essential to understand the basic principles of economics. |
| Moreover |
Addition |
The study was comprehensive; moreover, it included data from multiple sources. |
| However |
Contrast |
The results were promising; however, further research is needed. |
| For example |
Giving an Example |
Many countries are adopting renewable energy; for example, Germany has significantly increased its solar energy production. |
| In conclusion |
Summarizing |
In conclusion, the benefits of regular exercise cannot be overstated. |
| Therefore |
Cause/Effect |
The population is increasing rapidly; therefore, more resources are required. |
| On the other hand |
Contrast |
Some people prefer to work in teams; on the other hand, others thrive in solitary environments. |
| In addition |
Addition |
In addition, improving public transport can reduce traffic congestion. |
| Consequently |
Cause/Effect |
The economy has improved significantly; consequently, unemployment rates have dropped. |
| To illustrate |
Giving an Example |
Many cities have implemented green spaces; to illustrate, New York's Central Park serves as a model for urban parks. |
Tips for Using Cohesive Devices Effectively
- Avoid Overuse: While cohesive devices are important, overusing them can affect readers negatively and leave a negative impact.
- Practice Variety: One can use a range of cohesive devices to demonstrate your language proficiency.
- Contextual Relevance: Ensure that the cohesive device fits naturally within the context of your writing.
- Read Sample Essays: Analyze how cohesive devices are used in high-scoring IELTS essays to understand their application.
- Write Practice Essays: Focus on using a variety of cohesive devices in your practice essays. Try to include different types to improve your coherence.
- Take an expert review: Ask IELTS experts to review your writing and get proper feedback.
- Create Lists: Compile lists of cohesive devices categorized by type and practice using them in sentences.
By understanding Cohesive devices types and practicing their effective use, candidates can significantly improve their writing quality and overall band score. Regular practice with IELTS sample essays will help integrate these Cohesive devices naturally into your writing style, making your arguments clearer and more persuasive during the exam.
IELTS Cohesive Devices FAQs
Q. How to Use Cohesion in IELTS Writing?
A. Cohesion in IELTS writing is essential for clarity and coherence, helping to connect ideas smoothly. Here are some strategies to effectively use cohesion:
- Use linking words and phrases (e.g., "however," "therefore," "in addition") to connect sentences and paragraphs.
- Use pronouns or synonyms to avoid repetition and maintain flow.
- Structure your essay with clear paragraphs, each focusing on a single idea that relates back to your thesis.
Q. What are Cohesive Devices in Writing? Examples
A. Cohesive devices are words or phrases that help link ideas together within a text. Some common examples of Cohesive Devices in Writing are:
- Conjunctions: "and," "but," "or"
- Pronouns: "he," "she," "it"
- Adverbial phrases: "for example," "on the other hand"
- Lexical cohesion: using related words (e.g., synonyms)
Q. What are the 10 Cohesive Devices?
A. Here are ten common cohesive devices:
- Conjunctions: e.g., "and," "but," "so"
- Pronouns: e.g., "this," "that," "these"
- Adverbial connectors: e.g., "however," "therefore"
- Lexical ties: e.g., synonyms or related terms
- Reference words: e.g., "the former," "the latter"
- Substitution: replacing a word with another (e.g., using “do” instead of repeating a verb)
- Ellipsis: omitting parts of a sentence that are understood from context
- Repetition of key terms: reinforcing important concepts
- Transition phrases: e.g., "in addition," "consequently"
- Causal connectors: e.g., "because," "as a result"
Q. What is Cohesive in IELTS?
A. In the context of IELTS, cohesion refers to the way in which ideas in writing are linked together logically and clearly. It involves the use of cohesive devices to ensure that the text flows smoothly, making it easier for readers to follow the argument or narrative.
Q: What is IELTS exam all about?
Conducted by IDP, the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) is one of the world’s most popular English language proficiency tests for candidates looking to pursue higher education abroad and global migration. The IELTS exam is available in two formats. The IELTS Academic and the IELTS General.
The IELTS Academic test is designed for candidates looking to pursue higher education across universities and colleges abroad. The IELTS General Test is for candidates who are looking to migrate to an English-speaking country such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand or the UK among others.
The IELTS exam evaluates the English speaking, writing, listening and reading skills of the candidate. Your total IELTS score will be a combination of the band scores from the four sections. You will receive IELTS scores based on each of the four skills on a band of 1 – 9, and you will also be awarded an overall band score. You can score whole (example 5.0, 6.0, 7.0) or half (example 5.5, 6.5, 7.5) bands in each part of the test.
Q: How can I practice for the IELTS exam?
After learning the complete format familiarize yourself with all the topics that you need to cover while preparing for the test. You can get online practice tests and make sure to do it while following the time. Prepare for the Listening test by listening to the audio recordings. Similarly, prepare for the Reading and Writing sections accordingly. Make sure you do as much practice as possible in order to get a decent IELTS score.
Q: What is the IELTS exam passing score?
There is no pass or fail in the IELTS exam. Students taking the IELTS exam are graded on their performance in the IELTS test using Bands from 1 – 9 for each skill of the test: Listening, Reading, Speaking and Writing. Candidates would also receive an overall band score which would be the average of all the individual scores received by the candidate and rounded to the nearest half band. The IELTS exam does not have a passing score. Universities abroad would have an IELTS minimum score requirement which is often referred to as the IELTS cut-off. This is the minimum score that candidates need to achieve to apply to the university. Candidates should note that getting the minimum IELTS score does not guarantee admission to the university. Candidates are required to score higher than the expected IELTS cut-off.
Q: What is a good IELTS score?
A good IELTS score can vary depending on your specific goals, such as study abroad requirements, visa applications, or employment opportunities. Different institutions and organizations may have different score requirements, so it is essential to research and understand the specific score expectations for your intended purpose. In general, a score of 6.5 or higher is considered a good IELTS score. However, this may differ based on the individual's needs and the requirements of the institution or organisation they are applying to.
Some universities and programs may have higher score requirements, especially for competitive programs or fields of study. It is crucial to review the score requirements of the institutions or organizations you are interested in and aim to achieve a score that meets their criteria. Additionally, consider your own personal goals and requirements when determining what constitutes a good IELTS score for you. Get more details at What is a good IELTS score?
Q: How can I prepare for IELTS exam?
Shiksha Study Abroad has introduced a new, 1-month free online IELTS course to help students prepare for their IELTS Exam. Students associated with Shiksha get complementary free IELTS training for a month. This programme aims to help students prepare for studying abroad without any additional costs.
Starting in early February 2024, the course has already attracted over 1,000+ participants. Shiksha Study Abroad reports impressive results: 80% of students have succeeded in their goals, with the average participant achieving an IELTS score of 7.0.
Key Features of Free IELTS Training
Some of the key features of the Shiksha Study Abroad Free IELTS Training programme typically include:
- Live online classes are accessible from anywhere and on any device
- 1 Month Free Training - Option to choose from Weekend and Weekday Batches
- Learn from experienced British Council and Cambridge-certified trainers
- Coverage of all IELTS modules: Reading, Writing, Listening, and Speaking
- Option for students to retake classes if needed at 0 cost
- Mock Tests for the students to practice before the exam
Q: How can I know my IELTS test centre?
One can check their IELTS test centre details on the IELTS login account. Candidates ave to visit the official IDP IELTS website, enter the login credentials and check the details of test centres.
Q: Which month is the best for taking the IELTS exam?
The choice of the best month for taking the IELTS exam can vary depending on individual circumstances and preferences. It's important to consider factors such as your level of preparedness, availability of study time, and the application deadlines of the institutions or organizations you are planning to apply to. Some students may prefer to take the exam during months with fewer personal commitments or distractions, while others may choose months that align with their study schedules or coincide with the application cycles of their desired programs or universities.
It's advisable to plan ahead and consider factors such as the time needed for preparation, availability of test dates, and personal circumstances. Additionally, it can be helpful to check the availability of test slots and the registration process on the official websites of IDP IELTS India. Ultimately, the best month for you to take the IELTS exam will depend on your specific situation and preferences.
Q: How is the IELTS Listening test marked?
The IELTS Listening test consists of 40 questions, and you get one mark for each correct answer. Your total number of correct answers determines your "raw score, " which is then converted into a band score. It is important to try to answer every question, even if you are not sure of the answer. A blank answer will get you zero marks. The table below shows the average number of marks required to achieve a particular band score in the Listening test:
| Number of correct answers (Raw Score) | IELTS Listening Band Score |
| 39-40 | 9.0 |
| 37-38 | 8.5 |
| 35-36 | 8.0 |
| 32-34 | 7.5 |
| 30-31 | 7.0 |
| 26-29 | 6.5 |
| 23-25 | 6.0 |
Raushan Kumar is a skilled writer and a Study Abroad Expert in the Editorial Team at Shiksha. He oversees various aspects of studying abroad, including educational opportunities, entrance exams, colleges, latest new... Read Full Bio
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