MBBS Full Form: Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery

What is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) – It is a five-and-a-half-year course, including a one-year mandatory internship. The course is divided into pre-clinical, para-clinical, and clinical study phases.

What is the Full Form of MBBS, and What is it?

The term MBBS has its root in Latin terms, which stands for ‘Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae’.

The full form of MBBS in English is:

M – Medicinae

B – Baccalaureus

B – Baccalaureus

S – Chirurgiae

It is a five-and-a-half-year course, including a one-year mandatory internship. The course is divided into pre-clinical, para-clinical, and clinical study phases. To get admission into MBBS, you must complete your 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, with a minimum aggregate score of 50%, and you must qualify for the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test). Once you qualify for the entrance exam, you must undergo counselling and seat allocation in various medical colleges.

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After completing MBBS, you will have a wide range of career opportunities, like

• You can work as a hospital doctor or start your practice.
• You can pursue higher studies such as MD (Doctor of Medicine), and MS(Master of Surgery).

Eligibility Criteria for Admission in MBBS

Academic Requirements

• The candidate must have completed their higher secondary education (10+2) or equivalent from a recognized board of education. 
• The candidate must have studied Physics, Chemistry, and Biology/Biotechnology as core subjects in their 12th standard. 

Minimum Aggregate Score 

• The candidate must have obtained a minimum aggregate score in the qualifying examination (usually 50% for General Category candidates and 40% for candidates belonging to Reserved Categories such as SC/ST/OBC). 
• Some institutions also require a minimum score in each core subject (Physics, Chemistry, Biology).

Entrance Examination 

• Admission to MBBS courses is usually based on the score obtained in a medical entrance examination knowns as NEET. 
  • National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) is the standard examination for admission to MBBS courses. 
• Candidates must achieve a qualifying score in this examination.

Age Limit 

The candidate must be at least 17 years old as of December 31st in the year of admission. 

Medical Fitness

• Candidates must be medically fit and may be required to submit a fitness certificate at admission. 
• This is because the medical profession often demands long hours and the ability to handle stressful situations.

Top Medical College for MBBS in India

• All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi: AIIMS is considered the best medical college in India. It offers high-quality education and excellent healthcare facilities.
• Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh: PGIMER is known for its research and medical education.
• Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore: CMC is a private, minority-run educational and research institute that offers a variety of medical courses.
• National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore: NIMHANS is India’s premier mental health and neuroscience education medical institution.
• Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow: SGPGIMS offers a variety of medical education courses and is known for its state-of-the-art facilities.
• Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi: BHU has one of the best medical colleges in India, known as the Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS).
• Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore: Amrita School of Medicine is known for its strong academic and research programs.
• Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry: JIPMER is an institute of national importance and a leading medical institution in India.
• Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Manipal: KMC is one of India’s first self-financing medical colleges.
• King George’s Medical University, Lucknow: This is one of the oldest medical schools in India with a rich history.

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MBBS Syllabus: Year-Wise Breakdown

MBBS course is typically divided into three phases for 4.5 years, followed by a one-year mandatory internship. The syllabus for each phase is as follows:

First Year (Pre-Clinical Phase)

• Anatomy: This subject covers the detailed structure of the human body, including gross anatomy, microanatomy, and embryology.
• Physiology: This subject deals with the functioning of various body systems and organs.
• Biochemistry: This subject covers the chemical processes and substances involved in the functioning of the human body.

Second Year (Para-Clinical Phase)

• Pathology: This subject involves the study of diseases, their causes, processes, development, and consequences.
• Microbiology: This subject deals with studying microscopic organisms that can cause diseases.
• Pharmacology: This subject involves the study of drugs, their origins, interactions, and effects on the human body.
• Forensic Medicine: This subject involves the application of medical knowledge for legal purposes.
• Community Medicine (Part I): This subject involves the study of health and diseases in the defined population or community.

Third Year (Part I of Clinical Phase)

• Ophthalmology: This subject involves the study of eye diseases and their treatment.
• Otorhinolaryngology (ENT): This subject involves the study of ear, nose, and throat diseases and their treatment.
• Community Medicine (Part II): This subject involves the application of health management, health promotion, disease prevention, and treatment at the community level.

Final Year (Part II of Clinical Phase)

• Medicine: This subject involves the study of internal medicine and associated specialties.
• Surgery: This subject involves the study of general surgery and associated specialties, including Orthopedics, Anesthesia, and Radiology.
• Obstetrics and Gynecology: This subject involves studying diseases and managing the female reproductive system and pregnancy.
• Paediatrics: This subject involves the study of medical conditions and diseases in infants, children, and adolescents.

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Core Subject in MBBS

• Anatomy: The study of the structure of the human body.
• Physiology: The study of the functions of the human body.
• Biochemistry: The study of the chemical processes occurring in the human body.
• Pharmacology: The study of drugs and their effects on the human body.
• Pathology: The study of diseases and their causes, processes, development, and consequences.
• Microbiology: The study of microscopic organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc.) that can cause diseases.
• Forensic Medicine: The application of medical knowledge for legal purposes.
• Community Medicine: The study of health and disease in the population or community to prevent diseases and promote health.
• General Medicine: The comprehensive care of patients with chronic illnesses or multiple diseases.
• Surgery: Using operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to treat a disease or injury.
• Obstetrics & Gynaecology: The care of the female reproductive system and the management of pregnancy.
• Paediatrics: The medical care of infants, children, and adolescents.

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Career Opportunities After MBBS

• General Practitioner or Physician: As a general practitioner, you can diagnose and treat various common health problems and refer patients to specialists when necessary. You can start your practice or join a hospital or clinic.
• Medical Officer: In this role, you would manage public health issues in government hospitals or health departments.
• Junior Doctors: Fresh MBBS graduates often start their careers as junior doctors in hospitals, where they work under the supervision of experienced doctors and learn practical skills.
• Health Advisor: As a health advisor, you can work in health departments or NGOs, advising on health issues, disease control, and public health matters.
• Medical Professor or Lecturer: After gaining experience, you can teach in medical colleges and universities.
• Hospital Administrator: With some additional training or experience in management, you can work as a hospital administrator, managing the operations of a hospital or healthcare facility.
• Researcher: Many MBBS graduates work in medical research, developing new medicines, medical devices, or treatment methods.
• Medical Writer or Editor: If you have good writing skills, you can work as a medical writer or editor for medical journals, websites, or pharmaceutical companies.
• Forensic Medical Examiner: In this role, you would work with law enforcement to investigate crimes and determine the causes of death.
• Public Health Worker: You can work in public health departments or international health organizations, focusing on improving health at the population level.

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