Most Asked MVC Interview Questions

These interview questions are important for those aspirants who seek jobs requiring knowledge of MVC. By preparing these questions, you improve your chances of clearing the technical round.

In this article on MVC interview questions, we will discuss technical questions surrounding the architecture and its applications. These questions are important for candidates since they cover the foundation of MVC.

Table of Contents

• Frequently asked MVC Interview Questions

Frequently asked MVC Interview Questions

MVC model is used for developing modern applications with user interfaces. Since it can be used for designing desktop, mobile, and web applications, MVC is an important topic from an interview point of view. Let us now discuss important MVC interview questions.

Q1. What is MVC?

Ans. Model View Controller (MVC) refers to a software architectural pattern. MVC is used to develop user interfaces that divide related program logic into three interconnected elements. Model, view, and controller are the elements that handle the specific development aspect of the application. 

Q2. Explain the benefits of using MVC?

Ans: Following are the benefits of using MVC:

1. MVC provides a rapid and parallel development environment. This allows several functions to be performed while developing an application.
2. The platform of MVC helps in developing SEO-friendly web pages and applications.
3. Due to the separation of model from its view, user interface (UI) can concurrently implement multiple views of the same data.
4. ASP.NET MVC framework provides additional control over CSS, HTML, and JavaScript than traditional WebForms.
5. MVC framework does not use View State due to which the requested bandwidth is minimized to some extent.

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Q3. How is routing performed in the MVC pattern?

Ans. RouteCollection is a group of routes that consists of registered routes within the application. ‘RegisterRoutes’ method helps in recording routes in this collection. Route defines the URL pattern and handler to use when the request matches the pattern.

MVC routing has three parameters. The first parameter to MapRoute method is the name of route. Second parameter is the pattern to which URL matches. Third parameter is the default values for placeholders when they are not determined.

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Q4. What are the features of MVC?

Ans. Following points represent the features of MVC:

• Complete control over HTML and URLs
• Easy and frictionless testability. 
• Highly extensible, and pluggable framework.
• Logic is clearly separated in MVC.
• Provides support for Test Driven Development (TDD).

Q5. Explain the three elements of MVC?

Ans. There are three elements of MVC that are used for handling specific development aspect of the an application:

1. Model is the data that the program will be using. MVC may be a database, file or a simple object holding data.
2. View is a way to display objects (user interfaces) within an application. Through this vertical, the end users will communicate.
3. Controller is used for updating both models and views. It accepts an input from users and also performs equivalent update. It also responds to the user’s actions.

Q6. What are filters in MVC?

Ans. It is a basic yet important MVC interview question. MVC filters inject extra logic at various levels in MVC framework request processing. These are of different types including authentication, authorization, action, exception and result. 

• Authentication: These are the first ones to run before any other filter or action method.
• Authorization: These also run first like authentication filters before filters or action methods.
• Action: These filters run before and after action method.
• Exception: This only runs whenever any other filter or action method throws an exception. 
• Result: These filters run before and after an action result has been executed. 

Q7. Define Spring MVC/ Spring Web MVC?

Ans. It is a framework that provides MVC architecture in applications and ready components implemented for developing adjustable and adaptable web applications. Spring MVC is a Java-based framework that builds web applications based on Model-View-Controller design approach. It uses all elementary traits of the core Spring Framework. Spring MVC has dignified resolution for the implementation of MVC in Spring Framework using DispatcherServlet. 

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Q8. Explain the properties of MVC routes.

Ans. MVC routes govern the controller method that will be executed for any given URL consisting of the following properties:

1. Route Name: It is a URL pattern used for mapping the handler.
2. URL Pattern: It consists of literal values and variable placeholders which is also known as URL parameters.
3. Constraints: These are used in applying against URL patterns for precisely defining the URL matching it.
4. Defaults: This refers to the default parameter value that is assigned during parameter creation.

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Q9. What are the uses of “beforeFilter()”,”beforeRender()” and “afterFilter()” in Controller?

Ans. Let us discuss each one through the following points:

1. beforeFilter(): This is run before any action within controller. It is used for checking user roles, permissions and valid sessions. 
2. beforeRender(): It is called before view is rendered and after controller action logic is rendered. This may be required while manually calling the render() function before end of a given action. 
3. afterFilter(): It is called after every controller action and completion of rendering. This is the last controller method to run. 

Q10.  What are GET and POST action types in the MVC?

Ans. This is another frequently asked MVC interview question. Both these action types are used for transferring data from the client to the server in HTTP protocol. However, GET carries the request parameter that is appended in the URL string. POST, on the other hand, carries the request parameter appended in the message body. 

Q11. Why do we use IoC container in an application?

Ans. IoC container develops an object of the specified class. It also injects every dependency object through property, constructor or method at run time and disposes it at the appropriate time. This saves the effort of creating and managing objects manually.

Q12. What is the requirement of using Html.Partial in MVC?

Ans. This method renders the view as HTML-encoded string that writes output directly to HTTP response stream which is faster than HTML. It injects the Html string of partial view into main view.

Q13. Which is more secure between GET and POST action types?

Ans. POST is more secure than GET action type. POST carries request parameter in the message body due to which it is secure for transferring data from client to the server in HTTP protocol. 

Q14. What is the method to return JSON response from Action method?

Ans. To return a JSON response from Action method, you need to return JsonResult object. This object will call the Json helper method. Let us consider an example

public JsonResult RES()

{

string send = “hey there”;

return Json(send, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);

}

Q15. How do you implement authentication in MVC forms?

Ans. In MVC forms, authentication is added for including a security layer to access the user for a particular service. The authentication is performed by verifying user’s identity using credentials such as username/ email with a password.

Q16. How do you implement validation in the MVC application?

Ans. To implement validation in the MVC application, you will have to use validators defined in System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace. These include Required, DataType, Range, and StringLength. 

Q17. What is Attribute routing in MVC?

Ans. This routing type is supported by MVC 5 that uses attributes for defining routes. Attribute routing provides more control over URLs in the web application. 

Q18. Can we use convention-based routing along with attribute routing?

Ans. This is a concept based MVC interview question. For this, you need to have an in-depth understanding of attribute routing. Let us now answer the question.

Yes, you can use the convention based routing (earlier style) in combination with attribute routing in a single project.

Q19. How do you enable attribute routing?

Ans. To enable the attribute routing, you will call ‘MapMvcAttributeRoutes’ during the configuration.

public class RouteConfig

{

    public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)

    {

        routes.IgnoreRoute(“{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}”);

        routes.MapMvcAttributeRoutes();

    }

}

Q20. What are the different types of action filters?

Ans. There are three types of following action filters:

1. Output Cache: To cache the output of controller action.
2. Handle Error: To handle errors raised whenever a controller action executes.
3. Authorise: To restrict access to a specific role or user.

Q21. Define partial view in MVC.

Ans. In MVC, partial view is used for rendering a portion of the view content. Simply, it allows rendering a view within parent view, It also helps in reducing the code duplication. Partial view is instantiated with its own copy of ViewDataDictionary object available within parent view. This allows partial view to access the parent view data. Any changes in ViewDataDictionary object will not impact the data of parent view. 

Q22. What is TempData, ViewBag and ViewData in MVC?

Ans. Let us understand each one briefly:

1. TempData: It is used for transferring the data from view to the controller and vice-versa. It aso transfers data from one action method to another of same or another controller. It temporarily stores the data and removes it automatically after retrieving the value. 
2. ViewBag: In ASP.NET MVC, ViewBag transfers the temporary data from the controller to the view. Here, we are talking about the data that is not included in the model. It is the dynamic property of ControllerBase that is the base class of Controller class.  
3. ViewData: It is used for transferring data from controller to view but the vice-versa is not possible. ViewData is only valid during the current request. This is a dictionary type that internally stores the data. It consists of the key-value pairs, due to which every key must be a string in the dictionary. 

Conclusion

Hope that these MVC interview questions will help you in understanding the basics of this architecture. Do remember that along with these interview questions of MVC, you need to clarify basic concepts in detail. For this, you can refer to books, online resources and MVC courses for detailed understanding.