Fibonacci Number

In this article, we will discuss Fibonacci numbers, it’s application and how to generate them using Python, Java and C.

Introduction

In this article, we will discuss the Fibonacci Number in Python, Java and C.

In mathematics, we have different types of numbers like integer, natural, real, rational etc. along with these, we have a beautiful number with the remarkable property known as a Fibonacci number.

The Fibonacci number was discovered by Italian mathematician Lionardo Pisano (aka Fibonacci) in the thirteen century.

Now, let’s understand the Fibonacci numbers in detail.

Table of Content

• What is the Fibonacci number?
• Application of Fibonacci number
• Fibonacci number in Python
• Fibonacci number in JAVA
• Fibonacci number in C

What is the Fibonacci number?

In simple term, Fibonacci numbers are the sequence of number in which each number is a sum of previous two numbers.

First few Fibonacci numbers are:

Application of Fibonacci Number

Fibonacci numbers has a wide variety of applications from nature, human body, music to the stock market.

• Nature
  • Plants show Fibonacci number on the arrangement of their leaves and seeds on flower heads
• Human Body
  • Length of the bone in hand are in Fibonacci number
• Stock Market
  • Trader use “Fibonacci Retracements Level”, it allows traders to compare a high point to a low point. These level often include 23.6%, 38.2%, 61.8%, and 78.6%.

Fibonacci Number in Python

We will generate Fibonacci numbers in Python by two methods:

• Loop

Firstly, input the number of values (positive integer), we want to generate the sequence, and then initialize the first and second value.

Now, we will use the for loop to iterate the number from 0 to user-defined and finally using the print we will produce the result.

#Generate the Fibonacci Number using Loop
 
num = int(input("Enter the number"))  #enter the number of terms needed
 
#set first two fibonacci numbers
 
F_0 = 0
F_1 = 1
 
for n in range(0, num):  #Febonacci number is defined only for positive integer
    if(n<=1):
        F_n = n  # this will only return the first two fibonacci numbers
    else:
        F_n = F_0 + F_1  #every fibonacci number is sum of previous two
        F_0 = F_1
        F_1 = F_n
    print(F_n)

• Recursion

Firstly, we will define a function (feb (n)) and then use if else condition:

• if n = 0, return 0 (first fibonacci number)
• elif n = 1, return 1 (second fibonacci number)
• else return feb(n-1) + feb(n-2) (i.e. a recursive function used to calculate the nth term of the sequence)

Finally, we will use to iterate and calculate each term recursively using the input from the user.

#Generate the Fibonacci number using recursion
#define a recursive function
 
def feb(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 0  #first fibonacci number F_0 = 0
    elif n == 1:
        return 1  #second fibonacci number F_1 = 0
    else:
        return (feb(n - 1) + feb(n - 2))  #every fibonacci number is sum of previous two
 
n = int(input("Enter the number"))  #enter the number of terms needed
for i in range(0, n):
    print (feb(i))

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Fibonacci Number in JAVA

Firstly, we will intialize the program with first two digit of the Fibonacci Series i.e. 0 and 1 respectively. Then we use FOR loop:

• Print the First term (F_0)
• Print the next term (F_n = F_0 + F_1)

Then, finally assign the value of second term to first term and next term to second term.

// Generate the Fibonacci Sequence using JAVA
 
class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
 
    int n = 10, F_0 = 0, F_1 = 1;
    System.out.println("Fibonacci Sequence of first" + n + " terms are:");
 
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
      System.out.print(F_0 + ", ");
 
      // compute the next term
      int F_n = F_0 + F_1;
      F_0 = F_1;
      F_1 = F_n;
    }
  }
}
 

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Fibonacci Number in C

Firstly, we will initialize the first two terms (F_0 and F_1), then use the for loop to print the next n terms of Fibonacci series.

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
 
  int i, n;
 
  // Set first two Fibonacci number
  int F_0 = 0, F_1 = 1;
 
  // initialize the next term
  int F_n = F_0 + F_1;
 
  // enter the number of terms needed
  printf("Enter the number of terms: ");
  scanf("%d", &n);
 
  // print the next term
  for (int i = 0; i <= n; ++i) {
    printf("%d, ", F_n);
    F_0 = F_1;
    F_1 = F_n;
    F_n = F_0 + F_1;
  }
 
  return 0;
}
 

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Conclusion

In this article, we have discussed how to generate the Fibonacci number in Python, Java and C.

Hope this article, will help you to learn more about the Fibonacci number, it’s various applications and how to generate them using Python, Java and C.

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