Latest Monthly Current Affairs PDF Download for July 2022

Current Affairs should be prepared daily because of the enormity of the syllabus. With the change in the speed of information, the current events of national and international importance have taken the driver seat in the competitive exam preparations.

The Current events of national and international importance is very important for the competitive exam preparation. The Current Affairs play a pivotal role in the government exams because the public sector competition exams are always skewed toward current affairs.

Current Affairs is the spine of the government exam preparation because it has the overshadowing character on all the other subjects. Current affair is a single topic that immensely helps the candidates in multiple exams. The candidate can score better marks if he rigorously prepares the current events of national and international importance.

Current affairs section is the most vibrant section as it changes every day and each passing day adds up new study topics and material. The candidates need to constantly update their notes and prepare the Current Affairs topics regularly. 

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Current Affairs July 2022

History and Art & Culture

World Kiswahili Language Day

• World Kiswahili Language Day was celebrated on 7th July
• Kiswahili is a widely spoken languages in Africa and sub-Saharan Africa and it reflects African heritage

Mangarh Hillock

• National Monuments Authority (NMA) has pitched for declaration of Mangarh Hillock as a Monument of National Importance
• About Mangarh Hillock:
  • Location: Gujarat-Rajasthan border
  • Historical significance: Site of a tribal uprising where over 1,500 Bhil tribal freedom fighters were massacred in 1913. Bhil community leader at that time was Govind Guru
• About National Monuments Authority (NMA)
  • It comes under the Ministry of Culture and has been set up according to the provisions of The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains AMASR (Amendment and Validation) Act, 2010

Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray

• Ministry of Culture, Department of Chemistry (University of Delhi), and Vijnana Bharti (VIBHA) organized a curtain raiser for a 2-day International Conference on the “Contributions of Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray as a Chemist and Freedom Fighter”
• About Prafulla Chandra Ray:
  • He was known as the Father of Indian Chemistry and was the first modern Indian chemist and chemical researcher
  • He founded Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals, India’s first pharmaceutical company
  • He discovered mercurous nitrite
  • He authored ‘A History of Hindu Chemistry From the Earliest Times to the Middle of the 16th Century A.D.’, a book that talks about the history of chemistry in ancient times

National Culture Fund

• National Culture Fund (NCF) was set up as a Trust in 1996
• Since its inception, NCF has completed 52 projects
• Aim:
  • Establish partnerships with private and public sectors, government, non-government agencies, private institutions and foundations
  • Mobilize resources for restoration, conservation, protection and development of India’s tangible and intangible heritage

Polity and Governance

Software to Detect Unauthorized Constructions & Encroachments on Defence Land

• Centre of Excellence on Satellite & Unmanned Remote Vehicle Initiative (CoE-SURVEI) has developed an Artificial Intelligence-based software that will help detect unauthorised constructions and encroachments on defence land
• The software uses Satellite Imagery to detect the unauthorized constructions and encroachments, for which National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) Cartosat-3 imagery will be used
• CoE-SURVEI was established by Directorate General Defence Estates at National Institute of Defence Estates Management

Sustainable Development Goals in Panchayati Raj Institutions

• A 3-day National Write-Shop on Roadmap and Plan of Action on Localisation of Sustainable Development Goals in Panchayati Raj Institutions was inaugurated
• The aim is to accelerate the localisation of SDGs in Panchayats
• Nearly 1.88 lakh Gram Panchayats have resolved to achieve at least one or two goals of the nine themes identified for the Panchayati Raj Institutions

First AI-powered Digital Lok Adalat

• Country’s first AI-powered Digital Lok Adalat was launched in Rajasthan
• The project has been undertaken by Rajasthan State Legal Services Authority (RSLSA)
• The digital Lok Adalat has been designed and developed by Jupitice Justice Technologies

Indian Antarctic Bill, 2022

• Lok Sabha has passed the Indian Antarctic Bill, 2022
• Aim:
  • De-militarization of the region
  • Stopping mining or illegal activities
  • Preventing any nuclear test / explosion
• This bill is in line with the Antarctic Treaty, the Protocol on Environment Protection (Madrid Protocol) to the Antarctic Treaty, and the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
• Indian courts will obtain the jurisdiction over any any dispute or crimes committed in parts of Antarctica, once such laws are enforced
• There is a proposal to set-up Indian Antarctic Authority (IAA) under the Ministry of Earth Sciences to facilitate programmes and activities permitted under the Bill
• Indian research stations in Antarctica:
  • Maitri (1989) – operational
  • Bharati (2012) – operational

 Kangaroo Courts by Media (Role of Media)

• Chief Justice of India (CJI) has pointed out that media channels are running “kangaroo courts”
• The ill-informed and agenda-driven debates hurt the Country’s democracy
• The accountability of electronic media and social media have decreased over the period of time. In addition, the lack of capability to distinguish between the right and the wrong, and real and fake, hampers the justice delivery

Economy

Business Reform Action Plan (BRAP)

• Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Telangana have achieved top position (Top Achievers) as per the BRAP (Business Reforms Action Plan)
• Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, and Madhya Pradesh have been placed in Achievers category
• Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, Puducherry and Jammu and Kashmir have been put in Emerging Business Ecosystems
• BRAP was launched in 2015
• States and Union Territories have been assessed by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) for their performance in the implementing prescribed reforms
• 15 regulatory areas such as labour, environment, single window system, etc. have been covered
• Sectoral reforms have been introduced for the first time in BRAP 2020. Under the sectoral reforms, 72 reforms across 9 sectors have been identified. These 9 sectors include: tourism, cinema halls, fire NOC, telecom, hospitality, legal metrology, healthcare, trade license, and movie shooting

Import Duty on Gold

• Centre has raised the import duty on gold from 10.75% to 15%. The move has been taken to curb the spike in gold imports
• In 2020-21, gold worth nearly $35 billion was imported in the country. These imports have an impact on the Current Account Deficit (CAD)
• In addition, gold is not as productive as other financial assets and is mostly seen as form of saving

Ranking of States on Support to Startup Ecosystems

• 3rd edition of Ranking of States on Support to Startup Ecosystems has been released by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry
• Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) has conducted this ranking since 2018
• Evaluation on the following 7 Reform Areas:
  • Mentorship Support to Capacity Building of Enablers
  • Funding
  • Incubation Support
  • Market Access
  • Fostering Innovation and Entrepreneurship
  • Institutional Support
• Best Performers: Gujarat and Karnataka
• Top Performers: Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa and Telangana
• Leaders: Assam, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh
• Aspiring Leaders: Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
• Emerging Start-up Ecosystems: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Mizoram and Ladakh
• Meghalaya bagged top position, while J&K bagged Top Performer category amongst the UTs and Northeastern States

MSME Banking Conclave 2022

• MSME Banking Conclave 2022 was addressed by the Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited (IREDA)
• Aim:
  • Educating and empowering MSMEs for selecting right financial solutions
  • Help entrepreneurs find innovative financial solutions

NITI Aayog Report on Digital Banks

• NITI Aayog has released a Report on Digital Banks
• The report recommends the following steps:
  • Issue of a restricted digital bank license (restrictions in terms of volume/value of customers serviced)
  • Licensee will be enlisted in a regulatory sandbox framework that has been enacted by the RBI
  • Full-scale digital bank license will be issued based on the performance of the licensee in the regulatory sandbox
• Background:
  • There are nearly 63 million MSMEs that contribute 30% to GDP, 45% to manufacturing output, and 40% to exports
  • However, credit penetration is a challenge. In order to fill the credit gap, there is a need to leverage technology

Jawaharlal Nehru Port

• Jawaharlal Nehru Port has become the first port to follow 100% Landlord port model
• Under the landlord port model, the port authority is the regulatory body and the landlord. Port operation, on the other hand, are carried out by private companies
• The idea behind this move is to decentralize decision-making and to instill professionalism in governance

Piramal Enterprises

• Piramal Enterprises has received a permission from the RBI to conduct business as a NBFC

FDI Equity Inflow

• Top countries for FDI Equity inflows in India in FY 2021-22 were:
  • Singapore (27.01%)
  • USA (17.94%)
  • Mauritius (15.98%)
  • The Netherlands (7.86%)
  • Switzerland (7.31%)
• As per the UNCTAD World Investment Report (WIR) 2022, India has ranked at 7th position amount the top 20 host economies for 2021
• FDI Equity inflow in Manufacturing sector increased by 76% in FY 2021-22 as compared to the previous financial year

IFSCA Headquarters

• IFSCA (International Financial Services Centres Authority) headquarters will be set up in GIFT City, Gandhinagar
• India International Bullion Exchange (IIBX) and NSE IFSC-SGX Connect were also launched
• GIFT city (Gujarat International Finance Tec-City) is envisaged as an integrated hub for financial and technology services
• IFSCA is the unified regulator for the development and regulation of financial products, financial services, and financial institutions in International Financial Services Centres (IFSCs) in India

Environment & Ecology

Faunal Database

• With the addition of 540 species in 2021, the total animal species has become 1,03,258 in the faunal database
• Additionally, 315 taxa were also added
• Some of the new species discovered were Crocidura narcondamica (white-toothed shrew), Boiga whitakeri (Whitaker’s cat snake), etc.
• Western Ghats and Northeastern region account for 28% of the total discoveries
• Most number of discoveries were made from Kerala, followed by Maharashtra, and Arunachal Pradesh

Hariyali Mahotsav

• Hariyali Mahotsav was organized by the Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change on 8th July 2022
• The idea behind this event was to create awareness about the importance of trees

Five New Ramsar Sites

• The following wetlands have received Ramsar recognition as wetlands of international importance:
  • Pichavaram Mangrove – Tamil Nadu
  • Sakhya Sagar – Madhya Pradesh
  • Pallikaranai Marsh – Tamil Nadu
  • Pala Wetland – Mizoram
  • Karikili Bird Sanctuary – Tamil Nadu

Geography and Agriculture

Typhoon Chaba

• Typhoon Chaba formed in the central and eastern locations of the South China Sea
• The typhoon made a landing in Guangdong province
• What is the different between Typhoon, Cyclone, and Hurricane?
  • Technically, these are same weather phenomenon. The only difference is in their location.
  • Typhoon: North-West Pacific Ocean
  • Cyclone: South Pacific and Indian Ocean
  • Hurricane: North-East Pacific and Atlantic Ocean

National Conclave on Dragon Fruit

• National Conclave on Dragon Fruit (Kamlam) was organized by the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
• Objective: Increase the area under production, production, productivity, marketing, and branding of Dragon Fruit (Kamlam)
• About Dragon Fruit:
  • It is native to southern Mexico and Central America
  • The fruit is a source of fiber, Vitamin C, iron, and magnesium

National Conference on Methodology of Crop Estimation

• National Conference on Methodology of Crop Estimation was organized by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (DES), Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare (DA&FW) under Ministry of Agriculture
• Aim:
  • Discuss methodologies used by different agencies for crop estimation
  • Sharing best practices
• What are the various methodologies?
  • Mahalanobis Crop Forecasting Centre (MNCFC) uses remote sensing through satellite imagery
  • Institute of Economic Growth uses econometric modelling
  • States have developed their own geo-referenced IT enabled database portal

Promoting NER as Agri-Export Hub

• Agricultural and Processed Food Products Development and Authority (APEDA) has come up with a strategy to promote the Northeastern Region as export hub
• Major destinations for exports of Northeastern Region products are Bangladesh, Bhutan, Middle East, UK, and Europe
• In the last six years, Northeastern Region has witnessed 85.34% increase in agri-exports
• Steps taken:
  • APEDA has organized field visits for importers from Middle East, far East, Europe, and Australia
  • 135 capacity building programs were organized by APEDA in different parts of NER
  • 22 International Buyer-Seller Meets and trade fairs were organized by APEDA
  • APEDA aims to create a platform to link producers and processors from Assam with exporters. With the help of this platform exporters can directly procure the products from the producers and processors
  • GI products of NER, such as Bhut Jolokia and Assam Lemon, were promoted by APEDA
  • Various other initiatives such as capacity building, branding and promotion, skill development have been undertaken and are being planned

Study on Farm Loan Waivers

• A study by State Bank of India’s researchers has noted that only about 50% of the intended beneficiaries of farm loan waivers have actually received benefits since 2024
• Telangana, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Punjab, Karnataka, and Uttar Pradesh witnessed the poorest implementation of the scheme
• In Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra, 100% and 91%, respectively, of the eligible received farm loan waivers
• Reasons for low implementation rate:
  • Rejection of claims by the State Governments
  • Limited or low fiscal space
  • Change in governments
• Long-term impact of loan waivers:
  • Negatively impacts the credit culture
  • Reduces the fiscal space of governments. The amount could be invested in development of agricultural infrastructure

International News

India-Australia Deal for Supply of Minerals

• India and Australia have committed to a $5.8 million India-Australia Critical Minerals Investment Partnership
• Australia will be supplying critical minerals for India’s electric vehicles, solar power projects, and other strategic areas
• In addition to this, the recent MoU between KABIL (Khanij Bidesh India Ltd.) and CMFO (Critical Minerals Facilitation Office) is aimed at sourcing lithium and cobalt from Australia

Fourth Summit for Space Sustainability

• UK had hosted the fourth summit for Space Sustainability in collaboration with the Secure World Foundation
• Why is space sustainability essential?
  • With a reduction in the cost of space missions, number of players in the space economy have increased
  • With the emergence of large constellations and complex satellites, the risk of collisions and interference with radio frequencies have increased
  • The density of space debris have increased
  • There are chances of collision with the space station
  • There might be an effect on the weather satellites
• UK’s plan for space sustainability calls for an Astro Carta:
  • Review the regulatory framework of the U.K.’s orbital activity
  • Work with organisations such as the G-7 and the UN
  • Develop safety and quality-related metrics that quantify the sustainability
  • Induce additional funding of $6.1 million on active debris removal

8th Meeting of BRICS Communications Ministers

• 8th Meeting of BRICS Communications Ministers was held virtually under the presidency of China
• About BRICS:
  • BRICS is an informal grouping that comprises of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa
  • Collectively these represent 41% of world’s population, 23% of global GDP, and 16% of world trade
  • The formalization of the grouping happened during the first BRIC Foreign Ministers’ meeting in 2006
  • South Africa has joined BRIC in 2010
  • New Development Bank and BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement came into existence during the 6th BRICS Summit in Fortaleza (Brazil) in 2014

Quality Infrastructure

• A 2-day event on Quality Infrastructure (QI) was organized by the Department of Consumer Affairs and German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK)
• What is Quality Infrastructure?
  • It is a system that ensure safe and high-quality products and services
  • It has various elements such as standardisation, conformity assessment (testing, inspection and certification) and accreditation to metrology and market surveillance

Digital Nomad Visas

• Digital Nomad Visas have been announced by Indonesia
• The term ‘Digital Nomads’ refers to people who work from remote locations while travelling. Pandemic led to the development of remote work. As the world has moved towards normalcy, tourism has picked up and yet people can work from remote locations
• Indonesia’s Digital Nomad Visa will allow remote workers to stay in Indonesia, tax-free
• The move has been taken to promote tourism including spiritual retreats
• Some other countries that offer Nomad Visas are Italy, Antigua, Barbuda, Croatia, Costa Rica, Georgia, Hungary, Iceland, Mauritius, Norway, Spain, etc.

I2U2

• I2U2 stands for India, Israel, the UAE, and the US
• It has been referred to as the ‘West Asian Quad’
• First-ever I2U2 Virtual Summit was held in July 2022
• Aim of I2U2:
  • Discuss common areas of mutual interest
  • Strengthen economic partnership
  • Areas of Cooperation include water, energy, transportation, space, health, and food security

Sydney Energy Forum

• Sydney Energy Forum was held in Sydney, Australia
• Ministers from the United States, Japan, India, Indonesia, and the Pacific Island nation of Samoa attended the forum
• India’s achievements in renewable energy:
  • 162 GW of installed capacity (renewable energy)
  • The renewable energy capacity accounts for 41% of the 402 GW installed electricity capacity
  • In 2015, as part of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC), India had made a commitment of reaching 40% of its energy from renewable sources

India-Maldives MoU

• Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed in the field of judicial cooperation, between India and Judicial Service Commission of the Republic of Maldives
• The MoU will help in utilizing Information Technology for court digitization
• This can prove to be conducive for IT companies and startups

India-Namibia MoU

• India and Namibia have signed a MoU on wildlife conservation and sustainable biodiversity utilization
• Highlights:
  • Conservation and restoration of Cheetah in their former range areas
  • Livelihood generation for local communities
  • Collaboration in multiple spheres such as climate change, environmental governance, environmental impact assessments, pollution and waste management
  • Personnel exchange for training and education

Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX)

• Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) was conducted on 23rd July
• The exercise involved Japan Maritime Self Defense Force and Indian Navy
• Aim:
  • Enhancing interoperability
  • Streamlining seamanship and communication procedures

Africa Protected Areas Congress

• In order to conserve around 8,600 protected areas in Africa, a $200 billion trust fund has been initiated
• Africa Protected Areas Congress was the maiden gathering of African leaders, citizens and interest groups. It was set up by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
• Anthropology of Social Change and Development (APAD), African Wildlife Foundation and IUCN has created the concept of a Pan-African Conservation Trust
• The first country that made a commitment to the trust was Rwanda

Science & Tech.

Leprosy

• Clofazimine, a drug used to treat leprosy is “not available” in the Indian market
• Leprosy is also called as Hansen’s Disease and is caused by Mycobacterium leprae
• How does Leprosy affect the body?
  • Leprosy majorly affect the skin, peripheral nerves, eyes, and mucosa of the upper respiratory tracts
  • It is transmitted via droplets from the nose and mouth
• 69% of the global cases are found in India. Besides India, countries like Brazil, Indonesia, Nigeria, etc. are also affected by this disease
• To counter leprosy, a Centrally Sponsored Scheme named National Leprosy Eradication Programme was launched with a vision to achieve Leprosy-free India

Anthrax

• Anthrax has been found in wild boar in Athirappilly of Thrissur district, Kerala
• Anthrax is also knows as malignant pustule or woolsorter’s disease. It is caused by Bacillus anthracis
• Both domestic and wild animals can infected by it
• It is a zoonotic disease however, person-to-person transmissions are rare
• Penicillin, ciprofloxacin and doxycycline have been used to treat anthrax

PSLV Orbital Experimental Module

• ISRO has launched PSLV-C53 which will be used to place satellites in LEO (Low Earth Orbit)
• DS-EO, NeuSAR, and Scoob-1 satellites were carried by the spacecraft
• PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM) will help perform in-orbit experiments. The spent PS4 stage will be used as an orbital platform

Autonomous Flying Wing Technology Demonstrator

• A flight test of Autonomous Flying Wing Technology Demonstrator was conducted at Chitradurga in Karnataka
• Features and relevance:
  • Tailless fixed-wing aircraft
  • Does not have a defined fuselage-like structure
  • Ability to deliver high fuel efficiency and stealth
  • Very low drag or air resistance
  • It is a is precursor to an Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) being developed by the DRDO

ALH Squadron INAS 324

• ALH Squadron INAS 324 was commissioned in the Indian Navy
• Details:
  • Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) MK III (MR) will be operated
  • Sensory capabilities
  • Maritime Reconnaissance (MR)
  • Search and Rescue (SAR) operations
  • Modern surveillance radar and electro-optical sensors

Single-crystalline Scandium Nitride (ScN)

• A novel material called single-crystalline scandium nitride (ScN) has been discovered
• ScN can emit, detect, and modulate infrared light with high efficiencies
• It finds its application in solar and thermal energy harvesting and in optical communication devices

CoVarScan

• CoVarScan is the newly developed COVID-19 test that can detect all current variants of SARS-CoV-2
• Other COVID-19 tests normally detect a fragment of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material or small molecules found on the surface of the virus. On the other hand, CoVarScan detects eight regions of SARS-CoV-2 that commonly differ between the different variants

Na-ion Batteries

• Na-ion batteries and supercapacitors have been developed using nano-materials
• These batteries can be quickly charged
• Na-ion or Sodium-ion battery is a rechargeable battery that uses sodium (Na+) as charge carriers
• Applications and advantages:
  • Na-ion batteries can be used in e-cycles
  • Sodium is more abundant as compared to lithium. Thus, the cost of a Na-ion battery will be relatively lower
  • These have lower energy density, are safer, and can deliver similar power as compared to the lithium-ion battery
  • More environment friendly that Li-ion batteries

Antimicrobial Resistance Vaccines

• Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a situation when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites change over time and stop responding to medicines
• The resistant-bacterial infections account for nearly 4.95 million deaths per year
• WHO (World Health Organization) has called for accelerating the trials of antimicrobial resistance-related vaccines. The rationale behind this is that vaccines can prevent infections in first place and thus can curb the spread of antimicrobial resistant infections
• Currently, only Pneumococcal disease (Streptococcus pneumoniae) has a vaccine as far as AMR is concerned

Y- 3023 Dunagiri, Project 17A Frigate

• Y- 3023 Dunagiri, Project 17A frigate was launched at GRSE Ltd., Kolkata
• P17A frigates have followed P17 (Shivalik Class) frigates
• Improvements:
  • Stealth features
  • Advanced weapons
  • Advanced sensors
  • Advanced platform management systems

Kala-Azar or Black Fever

• At least 65 cases of Kala-Azar or Black Fever were reported in West Bengal
• What is Kala-Azar?
  • Kala-Azar is also called as Visceral Leishmaniasis
  • It is spread by sandflies that are infected by the parasite called ‘leishmania donovani’
  • The disease has a link with malnutrition, population displacement, poor housing, a weak immune system and a lack of financial resources
  • More than 90% of the new cases have been detected in Brazil, China, Ethiopia, Eritrea, India, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Yemen
• Symptoms:
  • Irregular bouts of fever
  • Weight loss
  • Spleen and liver enlargement
  • Anemia
• Treatment:
  • Anti-leishmanial medicines
  • Vector control: decreasing the number of sandflies with the help of insecticides, etc.
• Government initiative: National Kala-Azar Elimination Programme

Wentian Laboratory Module

• China has launched its Wentian laboratory module on its rocket Long March 5B
• This is the second of three modules for its permanent space station
• It was launched from Wenchang Space Launch Centre – southern island of Hainan

Wind Power

• India has made a commitment to install 60,000 MW of wind power project by 2022
• So far, only two-third of the target has been met
• Recently, MNRE (Ministry of New and Renewable Energy) has scraped the practice of reverse auctions. In reverse auctions, companies offer the lowest price in bid
• The issue with reverse auctions is that it leads to artificial lowering of tariffs. With such low rates, the projects do not earn the expected revenue and lose their viability
• The high cost of land, where wind turbines are installed, has impacted this sector’s financial health

Green Hydrogen

• Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) has inked a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with M/s Greenko ZeroC Private Limited (Greenko) in the field of Renewables, Green Hydrogen, Green Ammonia and other derivatives of green hydrogen
• What is Green Hydrogen?
  • Green Hydrogen is produced by splitting water into oxygen and hydrogen with the use of electricity generated through renewable sources
  • Green Hydrogen can be used in shipping, transportation, manufacturing, and other related industries

Fiberisation

• When radio towers are connected to each other via optical fibre cables, it is called as fiberisation
• Benefits:
  • Full utilization of network capacity
  • Carry large amounts of data – particularly helpful once 5G services are introduced
  • Additional bandwidth
  • Stronger backhaul support
• In order to move to 5G, India needs at least 16 times more fibre. Currently only 33% of the towers are fiberized
• Challenges in fiberisation:
  • Huge investment of nearly INR 2.2 lakh crore to fiberize 70% towers and INR 2.5 lakh crore to set up 15 lakh towers
  • Alignment of Right of Way (RoW) rules

Society

Projected Urban Population

• As per the United Nations-Habitat’s World Cities Report 2022, India’s urban population might reach 675 million in 2035
• By 2035, 43.2% of the Indian population will be residing in urban areas
• The growing urban population has implications for:
  • Environment and climate change
  • Overcrowded slums
  • Public transport
  • Burden on healthcare facilities
  • Increase in pollution

QS Best Student Cities Ranking 2023

• QS Best Student Cities Ranking 2023 were released by Quacquarelli Symonds (QS)
• Highlights:
  • London has ranked 1st, followed by Munich, Seoul, and Zurich
  • In India, Mumbai has ranked 1st and globally Mumbai has ranked at 103rd position
  • Bengaluru has been ranked at 114th position, Chennai at 125th and Delhi at 129th
• Factors considered:
  • Affordability
  • Quality of life
  • Standard of university
  • Opinion of pervious students who studied there

NFSA State Ranking Index

• In order to gauge the implementation of the Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) under the National Food Security Act (NFSA), Government has come out with NFSA State Ranking Index:
• Findings:
  • Odisha has topped the list
  • Ladakh has been ranked last
  • Goa was ranked last in general category states
  • 9 out of 14 special category states and UTs were ranked among the lowest. Special category states and UTs comprise of states in the North East, Himalayan states and island regions
  • Tripura, Himachal Pradesh and Sikkim secured the top positions among special category states
• Ranking parameters:
  • NFSA coverage, rightful targeting and implementation of all provisions
  • Delivery platform for the allocation of food grains, their movement and last-mile delivery to fair price shops (FPS)
  • Nutrition initiatives

The World Population Prospects 2022

• The World Population Prospects 2022 has been published by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division
• Findings of the report:
  • As per the projections, India will surpass China as the world’s most populous country next year in 2023. In addition to this, India is projected to have a population of 1.668 billion in 2050, while China is projected to have a population of 1.317 billion by 2050
  • World population is forecasted to reach 8 billion by mid-November 2022
  • World population could grow to 8.5 billion in 2030 and 9.7 billion in 2050
  • The population might peak to 10.4 billion during the 2080s
  • East and South-East Asia represents 29% of the global population
  • Central and Southern Asia represents 26% of the global population
  • Global life expectancy at birth was 72.8 years in 2019
  • Life expectancy for the least developed countries (LDCs) was 7 years less than the global average in 2021

Gender Gap Index

• The Global Gender Gap Report 2022 has been released by the World Economic Forum
• Findings of the report:
  • India has ranked at 135th position (out of 146) in gender parity
  • In 2021, India had ranked at 140th position (out of 156)
  • Bangladesh has been ranked at 71st position, Nepal at 96th position, Sri Lanka at 110th position, Bhutan at 126th position, Pakistan at 145th position and Afghanistan at 146th position
  • The Global Gender Gap Report provides ranks on the basis of four sub-indices. The details are given in the table below:

Sub-Index or Dimension	India’s Rank (2022)
Political empowerment	48
Educational attainment	107
Economic participation and opportunity	143
Health and survival	146
Overall	135

India Rankings 2022 of Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs)

• Various parameters used in the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) are mentioned below:

Parameter	Weightage
Teaching, Learning & Resources	30%
Research and Professional Practice	30%
Graduation Outcomes	20%
Outreach and Inclusivity	10%
Perception	10%

• Highlights of India Rankings 2022:
• • IIT Madras: 1st Position in Overall Category and 1st Position in Engineering
  • IISc, Bengaluru: 1st Position in Universities Category and 1st Position in Research Institutions Category
  • IIM Ahmedabad: 1st Position in Management subject
  • AIIMS, New Delhi: 1st Position in Medical and 9th Position in Overall Category
  • Jamia Hamdard: 1st Position in Pharmacy
  • Miranda House: 1st Position in Colleges
  • IIT Roorkee: 1st Position in Architecture
  • National Law School of India University, Bengaluru: 1st Position in Law
  • Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences: 1st Position in Dental Subject
  • 5 colleges out of first 10 are in Delhi

Government Schemes

Journalist Welfare Scheme

• Central Government has approved Journalist Welfare Scheme
• The scheme is intended to provide financial relief to the families of 35 journalists who have lost their lives. These include 16 families of journalists who lost their lives to Covid-19
• Journalist Welfare Scheme, JWS Committee will be headed by Secretary of Information and Broadcasting Ministry
• A total assistance of INR 1 crore and 81 lakh has been announced. Individual families will be provided with an assistance of up to INR 5 lakhs

Poshan Scheme

• According to the latest clarification by the Women and Child Development Ministry, Aadhaar Card details of children are not mandatory under the PM-Poshan scheme
• About PM POSHAN
  • Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme that aims to provide one hot cooked meal in Government and Government – aided Schools
  • Ministry of Education is the implementing ministry
  • The scheme was earlier known as the Mid-Day Meal Scheme
  • The aim is to improve the nutritional status of children
  • For FY 2021-22, the Budgetary Estimates are INR 11,500 crore. These have been rived to INR 10,233.75 crore.
• On the other hand, POSHAN Abhiyaan (Prime Minister's Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nutrition) aims at improving nutritional status of Children from 0-6 years, Adolescent Girls, Pregnant Women and Lactating Mothers

Digital India Week 2022

• Digital India Week was inaugurated on 4 July, in Gandhinagar
• Theme: Catalyzing New India’s Techade
• Initiatives launched during the Digital India Week:
  • Digital India Bhashini: Aimed at enabling easy access to the internet and digital services in Indian languages
  • Digital India GENESIS: Gen-next Support for Innovative Startups
  • global: A global repository of key projects that have been implemented under India Stack like Aadhaar, UPI, Digilocker, Cowin Vaccination Platform, etc.
  • MyScheme: An online platform that facilitates access to Government Schemes
  • C2S Programme: It aims to train specialized manpower in the area of design of semiconductor chips. The training will take place at Bachelors, Masters and Research levels

Pariksha Sangam Portal

• CBSE (Central Board of Secondary Education) has launched Pariksha Sangam portal for streamlining board examination results, sample papers, and other details
• Examination-related processes, conducted by regional offices and headquarters, will be integrated

Mission Vatsalya

• Ministry of Women and Child Development has issued detailed guidelines of the Mission Vatsalya Scheme
• Mission Vatsalya is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme that is being implemented by the Ministry of Women and Child Development since 2009-10
• Objective:
  • Secure a healthy and happy childhood for every child
  • Create a sensitive, supportive and synchronized ecosystem for child development
  • Assist States/UTs in delivering the mandate of the Juvenile Justice Act 2015
  • Family-based non-institutional care of children
• Components:
  • Improve functioning of statutory bodies
  • Strengthen service delivery structures
  • Upscale institutional care/services
  • Encourage non-institutional community-based care
  • Emergency outreach services
  • Training and capacity building

Internet Exchanges in Durgapur and Bardhaman

• National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI) has introduced new Internet Exchange points (IXP) at Durgapur and Bardhman
• The initiative has been undertaken under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
• The first internet exchange was at Kolkata
• Aim:
  • Improvement of Internet and Broadband services at local level
  • Benefit to sectors such as health, education, agriculture, startup, MSMEs, etc.
  • Convenience in availing government benefits

DIGI YATRA Project

• DIGI YATRA Project aims at achieving contactless, seamless processing of passengers at Airports, based on Facial Recognition Technology (FRT)
• There is an involvement of decentralized mobile wallet-based identity management platform
• DIGI YATRA is expected to be rolled out at Varanasi and Bengaluru airports in August 2022
• By March 2023, it is expected to be rolled out at Pune, Vijayawada, Kolkata, Delhi and Hyderabad

Udyamita Pakhwara

• Udyamita Pakhwara was organized by Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana - National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAY-NRLM), Ministry of Rural Development from 1st July to 15th July 2022
• Objective:
  • Throw light on the necessity and importance of enterprise growth and entrepreneurship development in the non-farm domain
• Further details of Udyamita Pakhwara:
  • Activities under Start-up Village Entrepreneurship Programme (SVEP), One Stop Facility (OSF), Clusters, Incubators, SHG products marketing, and PMFME scheme
  • More than 1,400 awareness camps on enterprise promotion
  • 6753 applications submitted to State Nodal Agencies for Seed Capital support under PMFME scheme
  • Capacity building

Rashtriya Gokul Mission

• Implemented by: Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying
• Aim and objectives:
  • Development and conservation of indigenous bovine breeds
  • Genetic upgradation of bovine population
  • Enhance milk production and productivity of bovines in a sustainable manner and with the use of advanced technologies
  • Improve artificial insemination coverage
  • Promote indigenous cattle & buffalo rearing and conservation
• Initiative taken:
  • Artificial insemination services at farmers’ doorstep
  • Bovine IVF / ETT labs
  • Accelerated Breed Improvement programme using IVF technology
  • Progeny Testing (PT) and Pedigree selection progarmmes
  • Induction of Multi-purpose Artificial Insemination Technicians in Rural Areas (MAITRIs)
  • Establishment of Gokul Grams and National Kamdhenu Breeding Centre

 Jan Samarth Portal

• Jan Samarth Portal is intended to connect all stakeholders such as beneficiaries, financial institutions, Central/State Government Agencies, & Nodal Agencies
• During the initial phases, applicants will be able to access 13 credit-linked schemes with the help of this platform. These schemes cater to the needs of youth, students, entrepreneurs and farmers
• Other benefits include: checking eligibility of subsidy, scheme recommendation, digital verification for loan approval, real-time tracking of loan application

LabVIEW Platform

• Free access to Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) software suite has been provided to people in academia
• LabVIEW is a system-design platform and development environment that is used for a visual programming language
• The access will be provided with the help of Indian Science Technology and Engineering facilities Map (I-STEM) and National Instruments Inc.
• Benefits:
  • It will cater to the needs of academia and deep-tech start-ups
  • It will improve upon collaborative research and innovation
  • It will assist students and researchers in more remote and less-endowed institutions

First ‘Har Ghar Jal’ Certified District in the Country

• Burhanpur of Madhya Pradesh has become the first ‘Har Ghar Jal’ certified district in the Country
• Burhanpur is also called as ‘Darwaza of Dakhin’ in Madhya Pradesh

Various Agriculture Schemes

Scheme	Details
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)	·       Supplement financial needs of all landholding farmers ·       INR 6,000 per year in three equal installment – directly in bank account
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan Dhan Yojana (PM-KMY)	·       Social security net for landholding small and marginal farmers
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana- Remunerative Approaches for Agriculture and Allied sector Rejuvenation (RKVY-RAFTAAR)	·       Through the promotion of agri-business entrepreneurship, the schemes aims at making farming a remunerative economic activity
Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)	·       Crop insurance scheme
Per Drop More Crop	·       Use of precision / micro irrigation to achieve water use efficiency at farm level
National Honey and Bee Mission (NHBM)	·       Scientific beekeeping
Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF)	·       Medium-term to long-term debt financing facility
National Bamboo Mission (NBM)	·       Increase bamboo plantation area ·       Non-forest government and private lands
Soil Health Management (SHM)	·       Soil test
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)	·       Holistic development of horticulture sector ·       Technology promotion, Post-harvest management (PHM), processing, marketing, etc.
National Food Security Mission (NFSM)	·       Increasing production of rice, wheat, pulses coarse cereals (maize & barley), nutri-cereals (jowar, bajra, ragi & other small millets) ·       Increasing production of commercial crops (jute, cotton & sugarcane), oilseeds & oilpalm
Formation and Promotion of 10,000 Farmer Produce Organizations (FPOs)	·       Aggregation and convergence of small, marginal and landless farmers into FPOs

 

Standards Club in Schools and Colleges

• Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has an aim to start 10,000 Standards Clubs in schools in 2022-23
• The idea behind this move is to introduce the students with the concepts of Standardization and Quality
• In 2021-22, 1037 Standards Clubs were established across the entire country

New Projects in Power Sector

• Revamped Distribution Sector Scheme:
  • Under Ministry of Power
  • Outlay: INR 3,03,758 crore over a period of five years from FY 2021-22 to FY 2025-26
  • Financial assistance to DISCOMs
  • Provision of 25 crore Smart Prepaid meters
• National Portal for Rooftop Solar:
  • For online tracking of the process of installation of rooftop solar plants
• Ramagundam project: India’s largest floating solar PV project with 4.5 lakh ‘Made in India’ solar PV modules
• Kayamkulam project: Second largest floating solar PV project
• 735 MW Solar PV Project at Nokh, in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan: India’s largest Domestic Content Requirement based Solar project with 1000 MWp at a single location
• Green Hydrogen Mobility Project at Leh, Ladakh
• Green Hydrogen Blending Pilot Project at NTPC Kawas Township

Person in News and Awards

Philippine President

• Ferdinand Marcos Jr., has taken oath as the 17th President of the Philippines

Chief Minister of Maharashtra

• Eknath Shinde has been sworn as the 20th Chief Minister of Maharashtra
• According to Article 164 of the Constitution, Chief Minister is appointed by the Governor
• Article 167 mentions that the duties of Chief Minister with respect to furnishing information to the Governor

Chairman of GAIL

• Sandeep Kumar Gupta has been appointed as the chairman of GAIL (India) Ltd. He was serving as the Director for Finance at Indian Oil Corporation

CII Quality Ratna Award 2021

• Ashok Soota, founder and Executive Chairman of Happiest Minds Technologies, has been conferred with CII Quality Ratna Award 2021

Yair Lapid

• Yair Lapid has become the 14th Prime Minister of Israel having replaced Naftali Benett

Financial Action Task Force (FATF) President

• Raja Kumar of Singapore has been named as the president of Financial Action Task Force (FATF)

Microsoft Partner of the Year Awards 2022

• HCL Technologies has bagged Microsoft Partner of the Year Awards 2022, for innovation and implementing customer solutions

Youngest Speaker in the Country

• Rahul Narwekar has been elected as the Speaker of Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
• He is the youngest ever to hold this post

Femina Miss India 2022

• Sini Shetty has been crowned as Femina Miss India 2022

Fields Medal 2022

• The Fields Medal is awarded by the International Mathematical Union
• It is granted every four years to mathematicians under 40-years of age
• Winners for 2022 are:

Winner	Details
James Maynard	University of Oxford
Maryna Viazovska	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne
Hugo Duminil-Copin	University of Geneva, Switzerland
June Huh	Princeton University

Association of Indian Universities (AIU) President

• Suranjan Das, Jadavpur University Vice-Chancellor, has been appointed as the president of the Association of Indian Universities (AIU)

Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) President

• R Dinesh has been named as the president of the Confederation of Indian Industry’s (CII) for 2022-23

NITI Aayog CEO

• Parameswaran Iyer has been appointed as the CEO of NITI Aayog

Deputy Election Commissioner

• R K Gupta has been appointed as the Deputy Election Commissioner. He has replaced T Sreekanth

IFAD President

• International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) governing council has appointed Alvaro Lario as the new president. He will assume office from 1st October 2022

RCIL CMD

• Sanjai Kumar has been appointed as the Chairman & Managing Director (CMD) of RailTel Corporation of India Ltd (RCIL)

Order of the Rising Sun Award

• Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star award has been conferred by the Government of Japan to Narayanan Kumar for contributing to economic relations between India and Japan

MD & CEO of NSE

• Ashish Kumar Chauhan has been named as the Managing Director and CEO of the National Stock Exchange (NSE)

KVIC Chairman

• Manoj Kumar has been appointed as the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) Chairman

Lt. Gen. (Retd.) Raj Shukla

• Gen. (Retd.) Raj Shukla has been appointed as a member of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)

15th President of India

• Droupadi Murmu has been elected as the 15th President of India
• She is the first tribal leader to become the President of India
• Chief Justice of India (CJI) N.V. Ramana administered the oath of the office of the President to her

Ranil Wickremesinghe

• Ranil Wickremesinghe has been elected as the 9th President of Sri Lanka

Wasifa Nazreen

• Wasifa Nazreen has become the first Bangladeshi to climb K2 mountain peak (8,611 metre)

Indermit Gill

• Indermit Gill has been appointed as the chief economist of World Bank

Global Energy Prize 2022

• Professor Kaushik Rajashekara has won the Global Energy Prize 2022

Sports

Adani Sportsline

• Adani Sportsline will be the principal sponsor of the Indian Olympic Association (IOA)
• It will be the official partner (for Indian contingent) for Birmingham Commonwealth Games 2022, the Hangzhou Asian Games 2022, and the Paris Olympic Games 2024

World Sports Journalists Day

• World Sports Journalists Day was observed on 2 July

British Grand Prix Title 2022

• Ferrari’s Carlos Sainz has won the British Grand Prix 2022
• He has finished of Sergio Perez (Red Bull) and Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes)

Elorda Cup

• Boxers Alfiya Pathan and Gitika have won gold medals at the Elorda Cup in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
• Kalaivani Srinivasan and Jamuna Boro won silver medals

Malaysia Open Badminton Tournament 2022

• Petronas Malaysia Open 2022 was held at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
• The table given below provides different categories and their corresponding winners:

Category	Winner
Men’s Singles	Viktor Axelsen (Denmark)
Women’s Singles	Ratchanok Intanon (Thailand)
Men’s Doubles	Takuro Hoki and Yugo Kobayashi (Japan)
Women’s Doubles	Apriyani Rahayu and Siti Fadia Silv Ramadhanti (Indonesia)
Mixed Doubles	Zheng Si Wei and Huang Ya Qiong (China)

Lleyton Hewitt

• Lleyton Hewitt has been inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame
• He is a former world number-one player and a two-time Grand Slam champion

Mairaj Ahmed Khan

• Mairaj Ahmed Khan has become the first Indian to win men's skeet gold at ISSF World Cup
• The event took place at Changwon

2028 Summer Olympic Games

• Los Angeles, United States will host the 2028 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games

Khelo India Fencing Women’s League

• Maiden Khelo India Fencing Women’s League began on 25th July 2022
• It was held at the Talkatora Indoor Stadium, New Delhi
• 21 states and more than 300 women had enrolled for the tournament

French Grand Prix 2022

• Max Verstappen won the title of French Grand Prix 2022

World Athletics Championships

• Neeraj Chopra won silver medal at the World Athletics Championships in javelin throw

Swiss Open Tennis Tournament 2022

• Swiss Open Tennis Tournament 2022 was held at Gstaad, Switzerland
• Casper Ruud has won this tournament

2022 World Athletics Championships

• The US has won most gold medals in World Athletics Championships
• India placed at 33rd position

Others

National Doctor’s Day

• National Doctor’s Day was celebrated on 1 July
• Theme for 2022: Family Doctors on the Front Line

Operation NARCOS

• Railway Protection Force has launched a month-long pan-India drive against smuggling of narcotics through rail
• The drive has been named Operation NARCOS

International Plastic Bag Free Day 2022

• International Plastic Bag Free Day was held on 3rd July
• 2022 marks the 13th edition of the celebration

Solar Cell and Module Manufacturing Facility in Tirunelveli

• Tata Power and Tamil Nadu government have signed a deal for the construction of a new solar cell and module manufacturing facility in Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu
• The deal will involve an investment of INR 3,000 crore

India Stack Knowledge Exchange 2022

• India Stack Knowledge Exchange 2022 was a 3-day long virtual event that aimed to showcase India’s contribution to the digital world
• India Stack is unified software platform
• India’s digital products and services in health, education, agriculture, financial inclusion, digital identity, data empowerment, and good governance sectors were showcased

Uttar Pradesh is the First State to have 13 Expressways

• Uttar Pradesh has become the first state in the country to have 13 expressways
• 6 out of 13 expressways are currently in use, while others are under construction

National Seminar on Mines and Minerals

• 6th National Seminar on Mines and Minerals was held in New Delhi
• Metals and Mining Industry in India – Some Facts:
  • As of FY-22, the number of reporting mines in India were approximately 1,245, out of which 720 were for non-metallic minerals and 525 were for metallic minerals
  • Growth in this sector is driven by infrastructure development and automotive production
  • India ranks 4th (globally) in iron-ore production
  • As per the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence & Statistics, iron-ore exports reached USD 2.23 billion in FY22
  • India is the world's 2nd-largest coal producer (as of 2021)
  • India is the world's 2nd-largest crude steel producer (as of 2020)

India’s 1st Elevated Urban Expressway

• India’s 1st Elevated Urban Expressway, the Dwarka Expressway, is expected to be operational in 2023
• The expressway is meant to reduce traffic pressure on the Delhi-Gurgaon Expressway that is a part of the Delhi-Jaipur-Ahmedabad-Mumbai arm of the Golden Quadrilateral

World Youth Skills Day 2022

• World Youth Skills Day was observed on 15th July
• Theme for 2022: Transforming Youth Skills for the Future

Expat Insider 2022 Rankings

• Mexico has been ranked at 1st position on the Expat Insider 2022 Rankings
• India has been ranked at 36th position out of 52
• Kuwait has been ranked at 52nd position
• India has performed well on Affordability and Availability of Healthcare indicators. However, it has not performed well on the Air Quality, and Environment, and Travel and Transit Facilities categories

World Chess Day 2022

• World Chess Day was celebrated on 20th July
• International Chess Federation (FIDE) was established on 20th July, 1924 in Paris

International Moon Day

• International Moon was celebrated for the first time on 20th July 2022
• Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepped foot on Moon on 20th July 1969

Henley Passport Index

• India has ranked at 87th position out of 199 passports on the Henley Passport Index
• Henley Passport Index ranks passports of various countries on the basis of number of destinations their holder can access without a prior visa
• Japan, Singapore, and South Korea have topped the list

World Brain Day

• World Brain Day was celebrated by the World Federation of Neurology (WFN) on 22nd July
• Theme: Brain Health for all

National Broadcasting Day

• National Broadcasting day was celebrated on 23rd July
• The day marks the first-ever radio broadcast (All India Radio)

Kargil Vijay Diwas

• Kargil Vijay Diwas is celebrated every year on 26th July to mark India’s win over Pakistan on 26th July 1999

MoU Between NIRD&PR and UoR

• A MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) has been signed between National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRD&PR) and University of Reading (UoR), United Kingdom (UK)
• Aim:
  • Help the NIRDPR faculty in acquiring and widening their knowledge
  • Development of an international professional network in agriculture, nutrition and rural development

Safe Use of Chemicals at Workplace Seminar

• A seminar on the Safe Use of Chemicals at Workplace was held
• During the seminar, a MoU was signed between the Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals (DCPC) and ILO for the adoption of International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
• What are International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)?
  • These are the data sheets that provide essential safety and health information on chemicals in a concise manner
  • Workers and those who are responsible for occupational safety and health use these cards

BSNL Revival Package

• Government has approved a revival package worth INR 1.64 Lakh Cr. for BSNL
• Details of the package:
  • Administrative allotment of Spectrum
  • Financial support for capex
  • Viability gap funding for rural wireline operations
  • Increase in authorized capital
  • Debt structuring
  • Financial support for AGR dues
  • Re-issue of preference shares
  • Merger of BBNL and BSNL

International Day for the Conservation of the Mangrove Ecosystem

• International Day for the Conservation of the Mangrove Ecosystem was celebrated on 26th July 2022

World Nature Conservation Day

• World Nature Conservation Day was observed on 28th July
• Theme: Cut Down on Plastic

World Hepatitis Day

• World Hepatitis Day was observed on 28th July
• Theme: Bringing hepatitis care closer to you

International Tiger Day 2022

• International Tiger Day was observed on 29th July
• Theme: India Launches Project Tiger to Revive the Tiger Population

Current Affairs 2022

The candidates can prepare the current affairs of previous months by following the links ginve below:

Current Affairs December 2022	Current Affairs November 2022	Current Affairs October 2022
Current Affairs September 2022	Current Affairs August 2022	Current Affairs June 2022
Current Affairs May 2022