Zoology Chapters for NEET Preparation

Zoology is a subdiscipline of biology that deals with the study of animals and animal life in general. Biology is a subject that should be thoroughly studied beginning in the eleventh grade, as the course syllabus includes questions from both the eleventh and twelfth grades.

In the NEET exam, the zoology subject has 45 questions and 180 marks, therefore you'll need to spend extra time on it. The Biology curriculum and questions are nearly entirely based on the NCERT, therefore candidates interested in pursuing a career in zoology should be familiar with it. The complexity of the NEET question paper has risen steadily over the years, as seen by examination of prior year's examinations.

Unit-1: Kingdom Animalia

The animal kingdom is one of the five-kingdom methods of classification that includes multicellular eukaryotic creatures. Various animals have varying shapes and sizes, but there are a few common qualities that are shared by all living things. Despite the fact that all animal beings are multicellular, no two exhibits the same pattern of cellular arrangement. The organ frameworks of numerous animal species provide diverse examples of complexity in their own organ frameworks. The symmetry of an animal's body can be used to categorise them. Anatomical symmetry is determined by the way various bodily components move in relation to one another around a central line or point.

Unit 2: Tissues and Tissue Types

Each cell in the human body has a unique structure and function, and we are all familiar with this fact. Organized into tissues in multicellular animals, a collection of comparable cells and their intercellular elements fulfil a specified purpose. Organs are made up of a collection of related tissues, and a collection of organs is known as a system. An organism is made up of a variety of different organ systems. Throughout the remainder of this course, you'll study the many tissues that makeup living things and the functions they perform.

In terms of NEET test weight, this unit isn't very substantial, but it doesn't imply it doesn't matter. Units like this are what determine your rank. Because this chapter has a lesser weightage, many students skip it. However, those who spend time mastering these units end up with a better grade.

The following are the important topics under this unit:

• Animal tissues
• Organ and organ system
• Earthworm
• Cockroach
• Frog

A Few Pointers:

This unit may be difficult to retain and comprehend because of the abundance of information it contains. So, instead of memorising it all, make an effort to maintain your conceptualizations of the structural features clear.

• Begin by completely reading the NCERT textbook.
• To learn more about a topic, consult additional sources.
• Learn where different types of tissues are located.
• Cockroach, frog, and earthworm facts may be found in the NCERT textbook.
• Solve an increasing number of problems.
• Make regular revisions.

Unit-3: Biomolecules

Organic molecules created by living organisms are known as biomolecules. They serve as essential building blocks for life and carry out critical tasks in all living things. Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and Sulphur are the primary elements in them. Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids are the four most common macromolecules. Living tissues are subjected to trichloroacetic acid treatment and then ground into a slurry in order to analyse the organic compound's chemical makeup. To acquire ash for analysis of the inorganic chemical composition, tissue samples should be burned.

Chapter Analysis:

Over the last decade, the number of Biomolecules inquiries has risen and fallen. With no questions in 2009, it reached its highest point of 4 questions in 2013, dropped to 1 in 2015, then climbed to 3 questions once more in 2016, and the final exam saw 2 questions from this particular subject being asked. There have been a total of 21 questions raised based on this chapter in total. We may thus expect at least two questions from this chapter in the following years.

The important topics to cover from this chapter are:
• Chemical Constituent of Living Cell
• Structure and Functions of Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids and Nucleic Acid
• Enzymes – Types, Properties, and Enzyme action

Unit-4: Human Physiology

Physiology, as we learned in the botany part, is the study of biological processes and events inside an organism. We'll examine the physiology of humans and other animals in the zoology part. Physiological processes at the cellular and molecular level will be discussed in the subsequent chapters of this course, including respiration, digestion, circulation, locomotion, and movement.

Chapter Analysis:

Regarding the NEET test, human physiology is one of the most highly acknowledged sections in biology. As a result, the NEET test gives it a staggering 12 per cent weightage. So, this unit is not one to be taken lightly. Furthermore, the principles in this subject are also related to human anatomy, genetics, and reproduction.

The following are the important topics under this unit:

• Chemical Coordination and integration
• Body fluids and circulation
• Breathing and exchange of gases
• Excretion
• Digestion and absorption.

Tips and Tricks:

We consider this unit one of the "happy go lucky" ones because it does not require a lot of heavy lifting and is also quite informative about the inner workings of the many organ systems in our body, with many links between the various sections of the book covered in this unit.

• To begin, use the NCERT text to lay a solid basis for the rest of the subject.
• Avoid memorising the lines.
• Learn the material thoroughly so that you can keep it for a long time.
• To prepare for the NEET test, look back at past years' questions and solve them.
• Continue to review and update concepts as needed.

Unit-5: Reproduction

Reproduction is the process through which living creatures produce new members of the same species. Testes, Scrotum, Urethra, and other components comprise the male reproductive system, whereas ovaries, oviducts, and other components comprise the female reproductive system. Gametogenesis, Spermatogenesis, and other stages are all part of the embryonic development process.

Chapter Analysis:

Only nine questions have been posed from this chapter during the previous 11 years. This chapter had no questions asked in the previous section of the paper, however the paper in 2018 contained three questions from this chapter, making it a game-changer. Similarly, in 2013, after a four-year absence, the paper contained three questions. For this chapter, we may expect a single question.

The important topics to be covered from this chapter are:
• Male and Female Reproductive Systems
• Microscopic Anatomy of Testis and Ovary
• Gametogenesis – Spermatogenesis & Oogenesis
• Menstrual Cycle
• Fertilization
• Embryo Development up to Blastocyst Formation
• Implantation
• Pregnancy and Placenta Formation
• Parturition
• Lactation

Unit-6: Evolution

It is a branch of biology that focuses on the evolution of life on Earth. In order to comprehend the millions of years of earth's flora and fauna's development, we must first comprehend the origins of the cosmos, the stars, and the world itself. The emergence of life is thought to be an anomalous occurrence in the history of the cosmos. The Big Bang Theory aims to explain the origins of the universe to humans.

The important topics to cover from this chapter are:
• Biological Evolution and Evidence for Biological Evolution
• Darwin’s Contribution
• Mechanisms of Evolution – Variation and Natural Selection with examples and types of natural selection.
• Gene Flow and Genetic Drift
• Hardy-Weinberg’s Principle

Unit-7: Microbes in Human Welfare

Microbes have both positive and negative effects on human health. There are several ways in which microbes benefit humans. Half of the world's oxygen is produced by these small creatures. Fungal and other microorganisms produce enzymes that break down dead matter. They account for more than half of the planet's living biomass. Microbes make up nine out of every ten human cells. Even in locations where there is no oxygen, microorganisms are everywhere on our bodies, in our houses, and even in the depths of the ground. Water is always home to microorganisms. They can consume everything, including oil, boulders, and both dead and alive plants and animals, so they're really versatile.

The important topics to cover in Microbes are:
• Microbes in Household
• Microbes in Sewage Treatment
• Microbes used in the production of Biogas and Biofertilizers

Unit-8: Biotechnology

It's interesting to see how technology continues to advance and improve our lives in a variety of ways. In the same way, scientists have also worked to improve the quality and ease of human existence by researching and developing biological knowledge and resources. Biotechnology has made a positive impact on our life by improving our health and increasing our food supply. Learn about the fundamental concepts, techniques, and applications of biotechnology in the following chapters of this lesson and how they have benefited mankind.

Chapter Analysis:

According to past NEET tests, this unit has typically accounted for around 7% of the total exam score. Even though the sum appears little, it is not inconsequential in any way. This unit's test questions have traditionally focused on the procedures and real-world applications. A deeper comprehension of topics rather than rote memorization is required for this level.

The following are the important topics under this unit:

• Principles and processes of biotechnology
• Applications of biotechnology