CLAT LLM Syllabus 2025: Important Topics, Best Books, Exam Pattern & Marking Scheme

CLAT LLM Constitutional Law syllabus

Constitution law of India, definition, features, framing of Indian constitution, doctrine of separation of power, executive power, nature of executive of India, relationship between President and Council of Minister, constitutional rights, Writ jurisdiction of HC and SC, freedom, right against social discrimination,

• Legislative power – procedure, privileges
• Judicial power – organisation of the judiciary, the jurisdiction of SC of India,
• Federal Idea – Nature of Indian Polity, co-operative federalism
• Freedoms of Inter-state trade and commerce
• Impact of Emergency on center-state relations

Criminal Law

Elements of crime, Actus Reas and Men's rea, group liability, abetment, criminal conspiracy, exceptions, attempt to commit offences, offences against public tranquility, offences against body – culpable homicide, murder, hurt, grievous hurt, wrongful confinement and wrongful restraint criminal force, assault, abduction, kidnapping, rape & un-natural offences

Law of Torts

Overview of General Principles Tort: What is it? India's Law of Torts Origins, Winfield's Criticism, Injuria sine Damnum/Damnum sine Injuria

Tortious Liability, Statutory Authority, Consent (Volenti nonfit Injuria), Several and Independent Tortfeasors, Joint Tortfeasors and Related Cases

Defences in General, Acts of God, and Private Negligence, nuisance, and defamation, as well as strict liability, specific torts, and absolute liability, The concept of vicarious liability safeguarding consumers, The differences between multiple tortfeasor and joint tort

Law of Contracts

First of all, Fundamental components of an offer, acceptance, consideration, etc., Notification of Offer, Acceptance, and Offer and Acceptance Revocation, Wagering agreements and contingent contracts, consent, ability to enter into contracts, privity of contracts, element vitiating contracts, bailment, pledge-specific contracts, indemnity, guarantee, and agency, The Doctrine of Frustration and Force Majure

Public International Law

Definition, origin and development of international law, sources and subjects of International law, relationship between International and municipal law, state recognition, state succession, international rive and canals, international law of the sea, air, space, aerial navigation, outer space exploration and use, nationality statelessness, state jurisdiction, basis of jurisdiction, jurisdiction immunity, extradition and asylum, diplomatic and consular relations, law of treaties, war and use of force in International law, law of contraband & blockade, concept of war, legal effects of outbreak of war and enemy character, settlement of international disputes, state responsibility, retorsion, reprisals, Armed interventions with the role of United Nations

Intellectual Property Rights

Nature, meaning, definition and scope of IPR, Trademarks Act 1999, Patents Act 1970, Copyright Act 1957, IPR in International Perspective

Jurisprudence

Legal method, Indian Legal system, basic theory of law, Analytical positivism, Kelsen’s pure theory of law, Hart’s definition of law, Austin’s theory of law, definition of law by Holland and Salmond, different theoretical approaches to study law and jurisprudence – Historical and anthropological approach, Sociological approach, economic approach (Marx’s and Engel’s views about the law and state, realist approach – American and Scandinavian realism,

Definition and Significance Administrative law's scope and significance, the rule of law, and the definition and classification of administrative actions

Natural justice principles: definition, nature, and necessity of administrative guidance; natural justice and statutory provisions; Control Mechanism for Adjudicatory, Procedural, and Parliamentary Delegated Law Administrative Adjudication; Administrative Discretion and Remedies; Legislation and its Development; Administrative Liability; Administrative Discretion and Enforcement; Administrative Guidance to Quasi-Judicial and Statutory Bodies; Principle of Estoppel Constitutional law's relationship to administrative law The Latest Developments in Administrative Law

Summary of the Subject Acts 1974 about the prevention and control of pollution in water, 1981 regarding the prevention and control of pollution in air, and 1986 regarding the protection of the environment

The Indian Forest Act of 1927, the Forest (Conservation) Act of 1980, the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972, the Public Liability Insurance Act of 1991, the Schedule Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act of 2006, the National Environment Tribunal Act of 1955, International Law of the Environment

Overview, Concept, and Theory of Industrial Relations, Industrial Disputes Act, The Factories Act, 1948, The Standing Orders Act, Industrial Relations Code 2020, Code on Social Security 2020, Code on Occupational Safety, Health, and Working Conditions 2020, Code on Wages 2020, An examination of recent labour law amendments and the key cases they involve

Summary and Relevance of the Topic Property types, concepts of lease, exchange, gifting, wills, mortgages, etc., Take Actionable Allegations

First of all, domicile status, earnings from a salary, income not included in the total income, revenue from real estate, revenue from a career and business, indirect taxation Latest Changes to GST

Maintenance (For both Muslim law and Hindu law), Judicial Separation, Divorce

Overview of the Companies Act, 2013's Doctrines under the Companies Act Directors, Meeting of Shareholders, Listing and Delisting of Shares, Closing, Answers to Assessments

Exam mode

Offline 

Exam duration

120 minutes (2 hours)

Test language

English 

Type of questions

Objective 

Exam subjects

Various law subjects divided into two sections

Total questions

120

Total marks

120

Correct Answer

Incorrect Answer

Unanswered/ Unattempted Question