Linux syllabus : Latest Updated Syllabus for syllabus

Linux is an operating system typically used by coders and software developers. Many institutions offer Linux courses and certifications in India. These courses teach the students to understand the basic principles of Linux OS and also help them understand its utilities. The syllabus includes shell programming, a control section, and general coding. Linux OS supports programming in various languages like C, C++, Java, etc. Therefore, it is highly in demand for those interested in pursuing a career in the IT industry.

Syllabus - Important Facts for Linux

1. Linux course duration can be from 3 months to 1 year: The course duration can vary from 3 months to 12 months depending upon the course and institute chosen by the students.

2. Exam Pattern: Linux certification exams consist of preliminary and skill-based tests. Both these exams evaluate the students' performance and can be taken online at their convenience.

3. Difference between Linux Foundation and Red Hat Linux certifications: Red Hat Linux is a popular certification, but the Linux Foundation Certification applies to all Linux OS and has a slightly more extensive syllabus.

4. Eligibility Criteria for Linux Certifications: The eligibility criteria for Linux Certifications depend on the course chosen by the students. For example, for enrolling in the Linux System Administrators course, the students need to have a graduate degree in the relevant discipline or field.

5. Scope for Linux Certifications in India: There is a huge scope for Linux Certifications in India due to the ever-growing IT hubs and services industries. One can complete a Linux Certification and get recruited by the top IT companies as a system administrator, system engineer, programmer, network engineer, etc.

List of Subjects in Linux

The subjects in Linux are mostly related to Linux operating system, resources and tools it offers for development, and security features and tools it offers to database administrators.

Typical Core Subjects for Linux

The core subjects related to Linux O.S. common to almost every certification are described below. Though the subjects can vary from one certification to another, these subjects are integral to most Linux courses:

Subject Title	Subject Details
Introduction to Linux and Linux Utilities	It gives a brief account of the history of Linux OS and covers Linux Architecture, features and VI editors. An overview of Linux commands is also provided in this subject.
Introduction to Shells	The meaning of shell and its importance in Linux OS are explained in this subject. It also covers Shell commands, variables, Linux sessions, and other concepts.
Filters	It focuses on the Filters and Pipes feature of Linux OS. The various operations associated with Filters and Pipes are also explained in it.
Unix File Structure	It gives an introduction to the Unix File Structure. It also offers insights regarding file descriptors, device drivers, and system calls.
File management	It focuses on the file structures and files management activities that include read, write, open, close, and various other commands.
Grep and Sed	An introduction to Grep and Sed is given in this subject, along with the applications for the same in Linux.
Process and Signals	It covers concepts like process structure, system processes, process identifiers, sleep functions, file locking, deadlocks, etc.
Interprocess Communication	The concepts like pipe, process pipe, parent and child processes, IPC status commands, etc., are covered in it.
Introduction to Sockets	It gives a detailed account of sockets, socket connections, attributes, socket communications, etc.

Typical Elective Subjects for Linux

No electives are offered in Linux courses.

Detailed Syllabus for Linux

The syllabus for Linux certifications and courses vary according to the selected course type and colleges and institutes that offer it. An overview of the Red Hat Linux Course syllabus is given in the below table:

Units	Core/Elective	Subject Title	Subject Details
Unit I	Core	Overview to Linux and Unix Based Operating Systems	It explains the difference between Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Fedora, and Centos Linux. Also, history of Unix and Linux is provided along with the key differences between these operating systems.
Unit II	Core	Working with Basic Linux Commands	It trains the students to access the shell prompt and write commands with proper syntax. It includes concepts like input and output redirection, creating, and editing text files, creating soft and hard links, etc.
Unit III	Core	System Configuration	It enables the students to install Linux OS and trains them in network based installation as well. The concepts like updating kernel, boot systems, manage tuning profiles, locate and interpret system log files, etc. are covered in it.
Unit IV	Core	Configure and Manage Local Storage	It trains the students to create, list, and delete partitions on GPT and MBR disks and includes concepts like extend file systems, create and remove physical volumes, manage and create a swap file system, etc.
Unit V	Core	Create and Configure File Systems	It teaches the students to mount, unmount, and create xfs, vfat, and ext4 file systems. The concepts like extending existing logical volumes, using LVM to resize the partition, understanding Raid Levels, etc., are included in this subject.
Unit VI	Core	Deploy, Configure and Maintain Systems	Use Cron and AT to schedule tasks, start and stop services to start them while the system boots, install and update packages from Red Hat Network, configuring systems so that they boot in a specific target automatically, and related concepts are covered in this subject.
Unit VII	Core	Manage Basic Networking	It teaches the students how to install and configure IPv6 and IPv4 addresses. Also, the configuration of hostname resolution and network services to start automatically while booting are included in it.
Unit VIII	Core	Manage Users and Groups	It enables students to create, modify, and delete local user accounts. Activities like changing passwords, modifying group memberships and local groups, configuring superuser access, recovering passwords, etc., are included.
Unit IX	Core	System Configuration and Management	The students learn how to utilise network bonding to install aggregated network links between two Linux systems through this subject. They also learn how to create static routes and route IP traffic. It includes the use of Kerberos to install a system and produce and deliver reports on system utilisation commands.
Unit X	Core	Network Services	An understanding of how DNS works, the configuration of DNS clients, and troubleshooting DNS client issues are provided to the students by this subject. It also provides an overview of SSH, NTP, and NFS servers.
Unit XI	Core	Shell Scripting	An introduction to Shell scripting and concepts like Pipes and Filters, how to use Shell, Kernel, redirectors, etc., are included in this subject.

Specialisations offered in Linux

Each institute offers some specialisations which allow the students to pursue a career in their field of interest. These are some popular specialisations for the students who secure a Linux certification:

Specialisation	Specialisation Subjects	Subject Details
Cyber Security	Linux security fundamentals Threat identification, threat prevention and security Kernel Debugging and security Security challenges in linux OS	The linux certifications that are dedicated to cybersecurity help the students to understand the security challenges in linux OS and help them to identify, resolve, and prevent the security-related threats.
Software Development	Functions of the linux environment Open source software development with linux Linux software development tools and methods	It provides knowledge and understanding of the software development tools and resources offered by linux operating systems.
System Administration	Linux networking and administration Essentials of linux administration System administration fundamentals in Linux	This specialisation provides exposure to the students regarding the system administration methods and resources offered by linux operating systems.
Cloud Computing	Applications and data hosted in cloud Maintenance, design, and development of cloud applications Infrastructure required to configure cloud	It covers the concepts related to cloud computing, development of cloud applications, and core infrastructural requirements to set up a cloud system.
DevOps	Collaborating workflows in development and system administration DevOps tools landscape DevOps Environment	This specialisation is a combination of operations and development by using DevOps tools in an DevOps environment.

Books and Authors Related to Linux

Here are some books that the students can refer to enhance their perspectives and knowledge regarding the Linux OS:

Subject	Book Title	Author	Description
Linux Programming	Linux Pocket Guide: Essential Commands	Daniel J. Barrett	The useful commands in Linux are explained well in this book.
Linux OS	Linux for Beginners: An Introduction to the Linux Operating System and Command Line	Jason Cannon	It is one of the best books for those who aren’t acquainted with the basic concepts of Linux.
Linux Programming	The Linux Command Line	William Shotts	This book enables the students to write a complete programme using a command line or Linux Shell.
Linux Shell	Linux Command Line and Shell Scripting - 3rd Edition	Richard Blum	It helps the students to understand the latest features and functions of Linux.
Linux Administration	Linux Administration	Jason Cannon	It gives an overview of different Linux OSs like Ubuntu, Fedora, Red Hat, Kali, etc.
Linux OS	Linux: The Complete Reference	Richard Petersen	It covers details on Linux tools, utilities, and features.
Unix OS	Advanced Programming in Unix Environment - 3rd Edition	Stephen A. Rago	Unix is the basis of the Linux OS. Therefore, the students who want to acquire the knowledge of Unix OS before proceeding to learn Linux can refer to this book.
Linux Programming	Linux Kernel Development	Robert Love	It can help the students to design and implement the kernel of Linux OS.
Linux OS	Linux in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference	Stephen Figgins	It covers topics like Shell, administration tools, programming tools, etc.
Linux Administration	Linux Administration: A Beginner’s Guide - 7th Edition	Wale Soyinka	It helps the students to manage and install any Linux Version with ease.

Entrance Exams for Linux

There aren’t any entrance tests for securing admission to the Linux Certification courses. However, most institutions and colleges that offer these programmes set minimum eligibility criteria. These eligibility criteria mostly include a bachelor's degree in a relevant discipline.

Syllabus for Distance Programme in Linux

Linux certifications can be availed through distance programmes as well. The distance programmes syllabus is identical to the syllabus of regular programmes. The fee can be slightly less for the online courses and vary from INR 40,000 to INR 50,000 depending upon the college or institution where the students have availed the admission. Some of the important concepts covered in the distance programme syllabus are listed below:

• Introduction to Linux: History of Unix and Linux

• How is Unix different and similar to Linux

• Linux Command Line Programming

• Common commands in Linux

• Network security using Linux

• Features and utilities of Linux OS

Top Colleges for Linux

The top colleges/institutes for Linux courses are given in the below table. These colleges are selected based on their curriculum, extensiveness of the syllabus, and recruitment opportunities that the students get after completing the course.

Sr. No.	Institute/College/University	Syllabus Links
1	NIELIT	To be uploaded soon
2	Apponix	To be uploaded soon
3	Red Hat	To be uploaded soon
4	MLR Institutions	To be uploaded soon
5	Besant Linux Training Institute, Bangalore	To be uploaded soon
6	Aptron, Delhi	To be uploaded soon
7	Linux Learning Centre	To be uploaded soon
8	Linux 2 Cloud	To be uploaded soon
9	Seed Infotech	To be uploaded soon
10	Suman IT, Hyderabad	To be uploaded soon

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What are the course objectives of Linux Certifications?

The course objectives of Linux Certifications are mentioned below:

• To make the students understand the Linux OS

• To enable them to write programs in Shell scripts

• To enable them to troubleshoot command errors and system issues

• To help them manage a network using Linux OS

• To acquaint them with the basic utilities of Linux

2. Which is the best Linux Certification in India?

The best Linux Certification depends on the area in which the students want to pursue a career. IT companies widely prefer Red Hat Linux Certifications as it is used across industries. However, other Linux operating systems are also good enough to be learnt.

3. What are the course outcomes of Linux Certifications?

The course outcomes of Linux Certifications are listed below:

• To install and implement Linux Operating Systems across the network.

• To write Shell programmes using various commands

• To write programmes that can manipulate Kernel of Linux

• To manage and handle file permissions and other security aspects

4. Which are the Linux commands that are mostly used for writing programmes?

PATH, uname, mkdir, rmdir, echo, print, cat, more, telnet, umount, find, grep, tee, finger, unmask, etc. are the Linux commands that are mostly used for writing programmes. There are many other commands that the students need to learn to write a programme in Linux efficiently.

5. Which key concepts are covered in the Introduction to Shells subject?

The key concepts covered in the Introduction to Shells subject are listed below:

• Linux Session

• Standard Streams

• Tee Command

• Command-line Editing

• Shell Customisation

• Aliases

• Command Execution

• Quotes

• Job Control

• Predefined Variables

• Command Substitution

• Options

6. Which are the key concepts covered in the Process and Signals subject?

The key concepts that are covered in the Process and Signals subject are mentioned below:

• Process Identifiers

• Process Structure

• Process Table

• Waiting for a process

• Zombie Processes

• Orphan Processes

• Sleep Functions

• Use of read and write with looking

• Competing Locks

• Other Lock Commands

• Deadlocks

• File Locking

• Signal Functions

• Unreliable signals

• Interrupted signal calls

7. Which are the key concepts covered in the Inter Process Communication subject?

The key concepts covered in the Inter Process Communication subject are mentioned below:

• Process Pipes and Pipes

• The Pipe Call

• Parent and Child Processes

• Semaphores

• Named Pipes

• Semop

• Semget

• Message Queues

• Msgget

• Shared Memory

• IPC status commands

• Fifos

8. Which are the main subjects covered in Red Hat Enterprise Linux Certification?

The main subjects covered in Red Hat Enterprise Linux Certification are listed below:

• Basics of Unix OS

• Permission of directories and files

• Ownership of directories and files

• Editing files using VI editor

• User and Group administration

• Server Configurations

• Installing and Managing Red Hat OS

• File security and management

• Advanced file system management

• Advanced networking and security concepts

• Configuring Virtualisation, SMTP, and SMB services

9. What does the syllabus of the Working with Basic Linux Commands contain?

The syllabus of the Working with Basic Linux Commands contains the following topics:

• Creating and editing text files

• Creating soft and hard links

• Accessing the shell prompt and issuing commands with accurate syntaxes

• Uncompressing, compressing, archiving, and unpacking files using bzip2, tar, star, etc.

• Moving files and directories

• Creating, copying and deleting files and directories

• Changing rwx and ugo permissions

10. What does the syllabus of the System Configuration subject contain?

The syllabus of the System Configuration subject contains the following topics:

Installing on the basis of network

• Configuration and installation of Linux OS

• YUM to upgrade kernel

• Booting, shutting down, and rebooting a system normally

• Managing tuning profiles

• Locating and analysing log files

• Killing processes that are memory intensive after identifying them

• Manual booting of a system into a target/targets

11. Which key concepts are covered in the Configure and Manage Local Storage subject?

The key concepts covered in the Configure and Manage Local Storage subject are listed below:

• Creating and deleting logical volumes

• Extending file systems

• Adding new logical volumes and partitions

• Creating and removing physical volumes

• Assigning physical volumes to volume groups

• Understanding Logical Volume Manager

12. What does the Create and Configuring File System subject contain?

The Create and Configuring File System subject contains the following concepts:

• Extending the logical volumes

• Mounting and unmounting network file systems

• Diagnosing and correcting file permission issues

• Understanding Raid Levels 5, 1, and 0

• Creating and Configuring GID directories for Collaboration

13. What are the key concepts covered in the System Configuration and Management subject?

The key concepts covered in the System Configuration and Management subject:

• Using network bonding for installing network links

• Configuring system to authenticate using Kerberos

• Produce and report delivery on processing, network, disk, and memory such as SAR

• Routing IP traffic and creating static routes

14. Which are the key concepts covered in the Shell Scripting subject?

The key concepts covered in the Shell Scripting subject are mentioned below:

• Pipes and Filters

• Shell and Kernel

• Introduction to Shell programming

• Introduction to popular Linux commands

• How to run shell scripts

• Shell arithmetic

• Exit status

• Command line processing

• Redirection of standard input and output

• Linux commands related with process

Following are the most popular Linux Colleges in India. Learn more about these Linux colleges (Courses, Reviews, Answers & more) by downloading the Brochure.

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Following are the most popular Linux UG Courses . You can explore the top Colleges offering these UG Courses by clicking the links below.

Following are the top exams for Linux. Students interested in pursuing a career on Linux, generally take these important exams.You can also download the exam guide to get more insights.