NEET Chemistry Syllabus 2024 (Available): PDF Download with Weightage

NEET Chemistry syllabus is one of the most searched topics for medical aspirants. The Chemistry section consists of 50 questions in total out of which candidates will have to attempt 45 questions. This article of Shiksha.com brings the complete Chemistry syllabus for NEET along with other relevant information. 

Chemistry Syllabus for NEET with Chapter-wise Weightage

NEET Chemistry syllabus is one of the vast and challenging areas of the exam. The chemistry syllabus for NEET consists of 20 units from Physical, Organic and Inorganic Chemistry areas. Students preparing for NEET 2024 must complete the NEET Chemistry syllabus to ensure getting a good score. Since the syllabus of Chemistry is a lengthy one, it is advisable that you know the NEET Chemistry chapter-wise weightage so that you can decide which chapters to prepare for and which ones to opt out of.

Till last year, the NEET Chemistry syllabus of Class 11 consisted of 14 chapters and that of Class 12 carries 16 chapters, making the Chemistry NEET weightage in terms of the syllabus the highest among the other two subjects. However, this year, as per the NEET new syllabus released by the National Medical Commission (NMC), the NEET Chemistry subject is segregated into three sections, Physical, Organic and Inorganic, and not Class 11 and Class 12 topics. Some of the topics have been modified as well. 

NEET 2024 exam was conducted on May 5, 2024, for a duration of 200 minutes. The NEET question paper consisted 200 questions, out of which 180 questions were to be attempted. Each question carries four marks and there is a negative marking for each wrong answer. This article of Shiksha.com brings the complete Chemistry syllabus for NEET along with the NEET Chemistry chapter-wise weightage.

Also Read: NEET 2024 Answer Key Live Updates; PDF Download

Best Books for NEET Chemistry Preparation

NEET 2024 Chemistry Syllabus

The Chemistry syllabus for NEET 2024 has been divided into three sections, Physical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry. The detailed syllabus with topics is given below.

Physical Chemistry Syllabus for NEET

There are a total of eight units under the Physical Chemistry section. The unit-wise chapters and topics are given below.

Unit I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Matter and its nature, Dalton's atomic theory: Concept of atom, molecule, element. and compound. Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae: Chemical equations and
stoichiometry.

Unit II: Atomic Structure

Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of the hydrogen atom. Bohr model of a hydrogen atom - its postulates, derivation of the relations for the energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr's model; Dual nature of matter, de Broglie's relationship. Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics, the quantum mechanical model of the atom, its important features. Concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions: Variation of  Ψ and  Ψ ² with r for 1s and 2s orbitals: various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum, arrd magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance; shapes of s, p, and d - orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number: Rules for filling electrons in orbits - Aufbau principle. Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.

Unit III: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Kossel - Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, the concept of ionic and covalent bonds.

Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy.

Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity. Fajan's rule, dipole moment: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and shapes of simple molecules.
Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory - its important features. the concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals; Resonance.
Molecular orbital Theory - Its important features. LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, the concept of bond order, bond length, and bond energy. 
Elementary idea of metallic bonding. Hydrogen bonding and its applications.

Unit IV: Chemical Thermodynamics

Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties' state functions, types of processes. 

The first law of thermodynamics - Concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess's law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion' formation, atomization. sublimation. phase transition, hydration. ionization. and solution.

The second raw of thermodynamics - Spontaneity of processes: AS of the universe and AC of the system as criteria for spontaneity. Standard Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant.

The following paragraphs bring the important topics from the NEET syllabus 2024 for Chemistry and their weightage.

Unit V: Solutions

Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution - molality, molarity, mole fraction. percentage (by volume and mass both), the vapour pressure of solutions and Raoult's law - Ideal and. non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure - composition, plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions: colligative properties of dilute solutions - a relative lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, the elevation of.boiling point and osmotic pressure; Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties; Abnormal value of molar mass, Van't Hoff Factor and its significance.

Unit VI: Equilibrium 

Meaning of equilibrium, the concept of dynamic equilibrium.

Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid-liquid, liquid-gas - gas and solid-gas equilibria, Henry's law. General characteristics of equilibrium involving physical processes.

Equilibrium involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (K_p and K_c) and their significance, the significance of  ΔG and  ΔG° in chemical equilibrium, factors affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, the effect of catalyst; Le Chatelier's principle.

Ionic equilibrium: weak. and strong electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenious and Bronsted - Lowry and Lewis) and their ionization, acid-base equilibria (including multistage ionization) and ionization constants, ionization of water. PH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and PH of their solutions, the solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products, buffer solutions. 

Unit VII: Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry

Electronic concepts of oxidation-reduction, redox reactions, oxidation numbers, rules for assigning oxidation numbers, and balancing of redox reactions.

Electrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions, molar conductivities and their variation with concentration, Kohlrausch's law and its applications.

Electrochemical Cells - Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half-cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement: Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs' energy change: Dry cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells.

Unit VIII: Chemical Kinetics

Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure,' and catalyst; elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constants and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first-order reactions, their characteristics and half-lives, the effect of temperature on the rate of reactions, Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation). 

Also Read: Physical Chemistry Chapters for NEET

Inorganic Chemistry Syllabus for NEET

This section has four units. 

Unit IX: Classification in Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Modern periodic law and present form of periodic table, s, p, d and f block elements, periodic trends in properties of elements atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states, and chemical reactivity. 

Unit X: P-Block Elements

Group 13 to Group 18 Elements

General Introduction: Electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups; unique behaviour of the first element in each group. 

Unit XI: d and f Block Elements

Transition Elements

General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties, of the first-row transition elements - physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation; Preparation, properties and uses of K₂C_r20₇ and KM_n0₄.

Inner Transition Elements

Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, and lanthanoid contraction.

Actinoids - Electronic configuration and oxidation states. 

Unit XII: Co-ordination Compounds

Introduction to coordination compounds.Wemer's theory; ligands, coordination number. denticity. chelation; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, isomerism: Bonding-Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, colour and magnetic properties; importance of co-ordination compounds (in qualitative analysis. extraction of metals and in biological systems).

Also Read: Inorganic Chemistry Chapters for NEET 2024 Preparation

Organic Chemistry Syllabus for NEET

This part has the highest number of units, which is eight. Let us take a look at the Organic Chemistry syllabus for NEET. 

Unit XIII: Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

Purification - Crystallization. sublimation, distillation, differential extraction, chromatography - principles and their applications.

Qualitative analysis - Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and halogens.

Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) - Estimation of carbon. hydrogen. nitrogen. halogens. sulphur. phosphorus.

Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae: Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis.

Unit XIV: Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry

Tetravalency of carbon: Shapes of simple molecules - hybridization (s and p): crassification of organic compounds based on functional groups: and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur; Homologous series: Isomerism - structural and stereoisomerism.

Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC)

Covalent bond fission - Homolytic and heterolytic: free radicals. carbocations. and carbanions: stability of carbocations and free radicals. electiophires. and nucleophyles.

Electronic displacement in a covalent bond

Inductive effect, electromeric reflect. resonance and hyperconjugation.

Common types of organic reactions- Substitution. addition. elimination, and rearrangement.

Unit XV: Hydrocarbons

Classification isomerism. IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties, and reactions.

Alkanes - Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane): Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes, projections (of ethane).

Alkenes - Geometrical isomerism: Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of hydrogen. halogens, water. hydrogen halides (Markownikoffs and peroxide effect): Ozonolysis and polymerization.

Alkynes - Acidic character: Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, and hydrogen halides: Polymerization.

Aromatic hydrocarbons - Nomenclature. benzene - structure and aromaticity: Mechanism of substitution: halogenation, nitration.

Friedel-Craft's alkylation and acylation, directive influence of the functional group in mono-substituted benzene.

Unit XVI: Organic Compounds Containing Halogen

General methods of preparation, properties, and reactions; Nature of C-X bond: Mechanisms of substitution reactions.

Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform freons, and DDT.

Unit XVII: Organic Compound Containing Oxygen

General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses.

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols: mechanism of dehydration.

Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation. nitration and sulphonation. Reimer - Tiemann reaction.

Ethers: Structure.

Aldehyde and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group; Nucleophilic addition to >C=O group, relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones; Important reactions such as - Nucleophilic addition reactions (addition of HCN. NH₃ and its derivatives), Grignard reagent; oxidation: reduction (Wolf Kishner and Clemmensen); the acidity of α-hydrogen. aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction. Haloform reaction, Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones.

Carboxylic Acids

Acidic strength and factors affecting it.

Unit XVIII: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

General methods of preparation. Properties, reactions, and uses.

Amines: Nomenclature, classification structure, basic character, and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines and their basic character.

Diazonium Salts: Importance in Synthetic Organic Chemistry.

Unit XIX: Biomolecules

General introduction and importance of biomolecules.

CARBOHYDRATES - classification; aldoses and ketoses: monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, and maltose)

PROTEINS.Elementary Idea of α-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides.Proteins: primary. secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins enzymes.

VITAMINS - Classification and functions

NUCLEIC ACIDS - Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA

Biological functions of nucleic acids

Hormones (General Introduction)

Unit XX: Principles Related to Practical Chemistry

Detection of extra elements (Nitrogen, sulphur, halogens), in organic compounds; Detection of the following functional group, hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketones) carboxyl, and amino groups in organic compounds.

• The chemistry involved in the preparation of the following:

Inorganic compounds: Mohr's salt. potash alum

Organic compounds: Acetanilide. p-nitro acetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform

• The chemistry involved in the titrimetric exercises - Acids. bases and the use of indicators. oxalic-acid vs KMnO₄. Mohr's salt vs KMnO₄

• _{Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysis}

_Cations

_Anions

_{Chemical principles involved in the following experiments:}

_{1. Enthalpy of solution of CuSO⁴}

_{^{2. Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and strong base}}

_{^{3. Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic sols}}

_{^{4. Kinetic study of the reaction of iodide ions with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature.}} 

List of Chapters Removed from NEET Chemistry Syllabus

_{There are some units which have been completely removed from last year such as Polymers, Environmental Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Lives, Structural Chemistry, etc. The following table brings the list of topics along with their corresponding units which have been removed by NMC.} 

Click here to download the NEET 2024 Chemistry Syllabus PDF

NEET Chemistry Chapter-wise Weightage

The following table brings the topics from the Chemistry section in NEET along with their weightage. 

Note: The above table carries topic-wise weightages based on last year's NEET exam. Candidates may use it for reference by omitting the removed topics.

As per the NEET analysis of last year, the difficulty level of the Chemistry chapters for NEET was easy to moderate. The weightage for the Inorganic Chemistry chapters for NEET was higher in Section A and the Organic Chemistry chapters for NEET and Physical Chemistry chapters had equal weightage in Section B. It is expected that the NEET 2024 exam pattern will remain the same as last year. However, the chance of the pattern getting changed cannot be ruled out completely. Hence, candidates must prepare for the exam based on the NEET new syllabus. In case the pattern changes, they can practice and prepare accordingly. 

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