NEET Biology Syllabus 2025; PDF Download with Weightage

NEET Biology syllabus is one of the most important aspects of preparing for this important exam. This section carries the highest weightage of NEET exam. To help NEET aspirants, here we bring the Biology syllabus for NEET along with the Biology chapter-wise weightage for the exam based on previous years’ analysis.

NEET Biology Syllabus: The Biology section of NEET consists of the highest weightage. As this subject is further segregated into Botany and Zoology, the number of questions from the Biology section is maximum. With the NEET 2025 approaching in May, it is high time aspirants complete the NEET Biology syllabus to ace the exam. Candidates must pay extra focus on this subject.

The National Medical Commission (NMC) has finalised and released the NEET 2025 syllabus. The syllabus has remained the same as last year, when it underwent major changes. While some topics were removed, some were added to the revised NEET syllabus. This article brings the complete NEET 2025 Biology syllabus. 

Also Read:

• NEET UG 2025 Syllabus Released @nmc.org.in; Download PDF Here
• NEET Biology Questions and Answers PDF Download

NEET 2024 Biology Syllabus

Although there is no segregation of syllabus for Class 11 and Class 12, for the convenience of students, the following table brings the NEET Biology syllabus for both Class 11 and Class 12. The chapters are mixed between Botany and Zoology. Some of the topics are common for both areas.

NEET Biology Syllabus for Class 11	NEET Biology Syllabus for Class 12
Diversity in Living World	Reproduction
Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants	Genetics and Evolution
Cell Structure and Function	Biology and Human Welfare
Plant Physiology	Biotechnology and Its Applications
Human Physiology	Ecology and Environment

NEET 2024 Biology Syllabus 

In this section, we bring to you the topics under each unit of the chapter under the Biology syllabus for NEET.

Unit I: Diversity in Living World

• What is living?; Biodiversity; Need for classification; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature.

• Five kingdom classifications; salient features and classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids.

• Salient features and classification of plants into major groups - Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category);.

• Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and chordate up to classes level (three to five salient features and at least two examples)

Unit II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

• Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and recemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus). Family (malvaceae, Cruciferae, leguminoceae, compositae, graminae).

• Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (frog). (Brief account only)

Unit III: Cell Structure and Function

• Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles-structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus.

• Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbodydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action, classification and nomenclature of enzymes.

• B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.

Unit IV: Plant Physiology

• Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.

• Respiration: Exchange gases; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient.

• Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth regulators-auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA.

Unit V: Human physiology

• Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.

• Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure.

• Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure and fuction; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney.

• Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, fiagellar, muscular; Skeletal musclecontractile proteins and muscle contraction; Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal systemMyasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.

• Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humanscentral nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Reflex action; Sense organs; Elementary structure and function of eye and ear.

• Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine systemHypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease). (Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief.)

Unit VI: Reproduction

• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.

• Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).

• Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness)

Unit VII: Genetics and Evolution

• Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.

• Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA finger printing, protein biosynthesis. 

• Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.

Unit VIII: Biology and Human Welfare

• Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm); Basic concepts of immunologyvaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse, Tobacco abuse.

• Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry.

• Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.

Unit IX: Biotechnology and Its Applications

• Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).

• Application of Biotechnology in Health and Agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issuesBiopiracy and patents.

Unit X: Ecology and Environment

• Organisms and environment: Population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.

• Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy.

• Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries, Sacred Groves.

• Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warning; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues.

List of Chapters Removed from NEET Biology Syllabus

The following chapters were removed from the NEET Biology syllabus last year. 

Unit	Chapters
Diversity in Living World	Three domains of life, Tools for study of Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos, Herbaria, Botanical gardens
Plant Physiology	Transport in plants: Movement of water, gases and nutrients; Cell to cell transport-Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; Plant–water relations – Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; Long distance transport of water – Absorption, apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root pressure and guttation; Transpiration-Opening and closing of stomata; Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention). Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and their role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; Nitrogen metabolism-Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation Plant growth and development:  Seed dormancy; Vernalisation; Photoperiodism
Human Physiology	Digestion and absorption; Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Role of digestive enzymes and  gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis, digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins,  carbohydrates and fats; Caloric value of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Egestion; Nutritional  and digestive disorders – PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhea. Neural Control and Coordination: Reflex action; Sense organs; Elementary structure and function of eye and ear.
Reproduction	Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; Modes of reproduction – Asexual and sexual; Asexual reproduction; Modes-Binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.
Biology and Human Welfare	Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry.
Ecology and Environment	Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche; Population and ecological adaptations Nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorous); Ecological succession; Ecological Services-Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals  and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect  and global warning; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories  addressing environmental issues

Click here to download the NEET 2025 Biology Syllabus PDF

NEET Biology Syllabus Chapter Wise Weightage

The following table brings the topics from the NEET Biology syllabus in NEET along with their weightage. 

Biology Chapters and Topics	Average No. of Questions from the Chapter	Weightage of the Chapter and Topic
Botany	50	100%
Cell Biology Cell Division Nucleus Plastids	4 2 1 2	8% 4% 2% 4%
Ecology-Biodiversity and Conservation Introduction, Level of biodiversity, Pattern of biodiversity, Loss of biodiversity  Conservation of biodiversity	5 4 1	10% 8% 2%
Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom - Algae	1 1	2% 2%
Genetics - I Introduction, Mendelism, Monohybrid cross, Dihybrid cross, Back cross, Test cross,  Incomplete dominance, Codominance, Multiple allelism, Pleiotropy	4 4	8% 8%
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Pollination Fertilization and embryogenesis, Seed and Polyembryony	3 2 1	6% 4% 2%
Ecology-Ecosystem  Productivity, Decomposition, Energy flow, Food chain, Food web, Ecological pyramids	1 1	2% 2%
Anatomy of Flowering Plants Plant Tissues, Tissue Systems	3 3	6% 6%
Biotechnology Principles of Biotechnology Applications of Biotechnology in Agriculture Processes of Biotechnology	4 2 1 1	8% 4% 2% 2%
Morphology of Flowering Plants Flower	4 4	8% 8%
Plant Physiology - Plant Growth and Growth Hormones Growth and Development Introduction, Discovering of PGR, Auxin, Gibberellins and  Cytokinins	4 2 2	8% 4% 4%
Plant Physiology-II-Photosynthesis In Higher Plants Dark Reaction C3-cycle, C4 cycle, Photorespiration, CAM-cycle and Factors	3 3	6% 6%
Genetics-II DNA Replication, Transcription, Genetic code and Translation Regulation of gene expression, HGP and DNA fingerprinting	4 3 1	8% 6% 2%
Biomolecule-I Lipids Proteins	2 1 1	4% 2% 2%
Ecology-Organisms and Population Adaptations, Population and Population interactions, Biotic community	1 1	2% 2%
Plant Physiology-II-Respiration in plants Aerobic respiration- Link reaction and Krebs cycle, Terminal oxidation, Respiratory balance sheet, Amphibolic pathway, Anaerobic respiration-fermentation, Respiratory quotient	2 2	4% 4%
Biomolecule-II Enzymes	2 2	4% 4%
Biology In Human Welfare Microbes in Human Welfare	1 1	2% 2%
Biological Classification Kingdom-Fungi	2 2	4% 4%
Zoology	50	100%
Cell Biology Cell Division Plastids Mitochondria	4 2 1 1	8% 4% 2% 2%
Genetics-I Introduction, Mendelism, Monohybrid cross, Dihybrid cross, Back cross, Test cross, Incomplete dominance, Codominance, Multiple allelism, Pleiotropy Mutation, Pedigree analysis, Genetic disorders	2 1 1	4% 2% 2%
Biotechnology Process of Biotechnology Applications of Biotechnology in Medicine, Transgenic Animals	4 3 1	8% 6% 2%
Genetics - II DNA Replication, Transcription, Genetic code and  Translation	2 2	4% 4%
Ecology-Organisms and Population Adaptations, Population and Population interactions, Biotic community	1 1	2% 2%
Biomolecule - II Enzymes	2 2	4% 4%
Body fluids and circulation  Heart and conduction Blood pressure, ECG	2 1 1	4% 2% 2%
Animal Kingdom - I Porifera Arthropoda	3 1 2	6% 2% 4%
Human Reproduction and Reproductive Health Reproductive Health Female Reproductive System Gametogenesis, Reproductive cycles Fertilization, Embryonic, development	7 2 2 2 1	14% 4% 4% 4% 2%
Excretory Products and Their Elimination Uriniferous tubule/Nephrons	2 2	4% 4%
Neural Control and Coordination CSF, Brain covering, Brain Cavity Brain and Spinal cord	2 1 1	4% 2% 2%
Locomotion and Movement Muscles Joints	2 1 1	4% 2% 2%
Biology In Human Welfare-Human Health and Disease Diseases caused by virus Diseases caused by bacteria Immune System and Common Human Disease Drug addiction	5 1 1 2 1	10% 2% 2% 4% 2%
Breathing and Exchange of Gases Respiratory volume and capacity  Exchange and transport of gases	2 1 1	4% 2% 2%
Origin and Evolution  Evidences of Evolution Theories of Evolution	4 1 3	8% 2% 6%
Chemical Coordination and Integration Mode of action of Hormones Thyroid gland	2 1 1	4% 2% 2%
Structural Organisation in Animal  Epithelial tissue	1 1	2% 2%
Animal Kingdom - II Chordarta  Cyclostomata/Pisces	3 1 2	6% 2% 4%

Note: The above table carries topic-wise weightages based on last year's NEET exam. Candidates may use it for reference by omitting the removed topics.

Best Books to Prepare for NEET Biology Syllabus

The best books to prepare for the NEET Biology syllabus are given below:

• NCERT Biology Books for Class 11 and Class 12
• Biology by Trueman (Volume 1 and 2)
• Objective Botany by Ansari
• Pradeep Guide on Biology
• G R Bathla publications for Biology
• Moderns ABC of Biology for XI and XII by B B Arora, A K Sabharwal (Modern Publishers)
• Exploring Biology (Vol 1 and 2) by Sanjay Sharma and Sudhakar Banerjee (Arihant Publications)
• Objective Biology (Vol 1, 2 and 3) by K N Bhatia/ K Bhatia (Dinesh Publications)
• Medical Entrances Biology (Vol 1, 2 and 3) Mamta R Solanki and Lalita Ghotik (Target Publications)
• Together with Biology by S Venugopal

NEET 2024 Analysis of Biology Section

As per the NEET 2024 analysis, Biology questions in NEET 2024 were mostly NCERT-based. Questions were mostly from topics such as Human Physiology, Genetics, and Plant Physiology. Unlike previous years, this year's question papers featured six figure-based and three direction-based questions, along with 30 'match the following' and 17 statement-based questions. As 30 per cent of the questions were of the 'match the following' type, some students found the paper a bit lengthy. 

The following infographic brings the weightage of NEET Biology questions for Class 11 and Class 12.

NEET 2025 will be conducted tentatively in the first week of May 2025. The NEET exam pattern and syllabus are likely to remain the same as last year. The exam will be conducted for a duration of 200 minutes and the NEET question paper will carry 200 questions, out of which 180 questions have to be attempted. Each subject will be divided into two sections. The first section will have 35 questions all of which are compulsory to attempt. The second section will have 15 questions, out of which 10 questions need to be attempted.

Read More:

• NEET Biology Question Papers
• NEET Physics Syllabus with Chapter-wise Weightage
• NEET Chemistry Syllabus with Chapter-wise Weightage