RBSE 12th Syllabus 2024-25 (Available): Download RBSE Class 12 Syllabus Here

Unit 1: Relations and Functions

• Types of relations: Equivalence, Symmetric, Transitive and Reflexive Relations

• Functions: One to one and onto functions, the inverse of a function, and composite functions.

• Binary operations

• Inverse Trigonometric Functions And Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions: properties of inverse, range, domain, principal value branch.

NCERT Solutions on Relations and Functions

Unit 2: Algebra

• Matrices Properties of addition, scalar multiplication, and non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices

NCERT Solution for Matrices

• Existence of non-zero matrices

• Concept of elementary row and column operations.

• Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse

• Determinants: Consistency and inconsistency

NCERT Solution for Determinants

• Solutions of systems of linear equations in two or three variables using the inverse of a matri

NCERT Solution for Linear Programming

Unit 3: Calculus

• Continuity and Differentiability: Concept of logarithmic and exponential functions.

• Lagrange’s and Rolle’s Mean Value Theorems

• Applications of Derivatives
• Integrals
• Applications of the Integrals in finding areas under Straight lines, simple curves, circles/ellipse/parabolas.
• Differential Equations: Introduction, order, and degree

• Formation of a differential equation, solution of differential equations, Solutions of the linear differential equation of the form: dy/dx + py = q

NCERT Solutions for Limits and Derivatives

Unit 4: Vectors and 3-D Geometry

• Vectors: Vectors and scalars

• Magnitude and direction of a vector, direction ratios of a vector, and direction cosines.

• Types of vectors, components of a vector, position vector of a point dividing a line in an assigned ratio.

• Geometrical Evaluation, properties, and application of scalar (dot) product of vectors, a scalar triple product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors

NCERT Solutions on Vectors

• Direction ratios and direction cosines of a line connecting two points.

• Cartesian equation and vector equation of a line and a plane.

• Angle between line and two lines

• Angle between a plane and two planes

NCERT Solution for 3-D Geometry

Unit 5: Linear Programming

• Definition, objective function, optimization, and constraints

• Different types of linear programming problems.

• Mathematical formulation of linear programming problems.

• Graphical method of solution for linear equation problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions

NCERT Solution for Linear Programming

Unit 6: Probability

• Conditional probability and Multiplication theorem on probability, total probability

• Independent events

• Baye’s theorem

• Random variable, Mean and variance of the random variable and its probability distribution

• Binomial distribution

NCERT Solution for Probability

Unit 1: Solid State

Electrical and magnetic properties, Packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, etc. NCERT Solutions on Solid state

Unit 2: Solutions

Osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, Elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, abnormal molecular mass, etc NCERT Solutions on Solutions

Unit 3: Electrochemistry

Kohlrausch’s Law, lead accumulator, Conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific, variations of conductivity with concentration, etc.  NCERT Solutions on Electrochemistry

Unit 4: Chemical Kinetics

Integrated rate equations and half-life, the concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), etc NCERT Solutions on Chemical Kinetics

Unit 5: Surface Chemistry

Brownian movement, electrophoresis, Lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, coagulation, emulsion-types of emulsions, etc NCERT Soluion on Surface Chemistry

Unit 6: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

Occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron, Principles and methods of extraction – concentration, oxidation, reduction – electrolytic method and refining; etc

Unit 7: p-block Elements

Halides PCl3, Ozone, Sulphur-allotropic forms; Phosphorus – allotropic forms, Preparation properties and uses of sulphur-dioxide, etc. NCERT Solutions on p block elements

Unit 8: d and f-block elements

Magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, Metallic character, ionization enthalpy, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4, etc NCERT Solutions on d & f Block Elements

Unit 9: Coordination Compounds

IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Introduction, ligands, coordination number, Werner’s theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, etc NCERT Solutions on Coordination Compounds

Unit 10: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, substitution reactions, etc NCERT Solutions on Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Unit 11: Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

Mechanism of dehydration, physical and chemical properties, uses, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol, etc NCERT Solutions on Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

Unit 12: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical, uses, methods of preparation, etc NCERT Solutions on Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

Unit 13: Amines (Organic Compounds and containing Nitrogen)

Classification, structure, methods of preparation, secondary and tertiary amines, etc NCERT Solutions on Amines

Unit 14: Biomolecules

Monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen) importance, etc NCERT Solutions on Biomolecules

Unit 15: Polymers

Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers, etc, Some important polymers: natural and bakelite, rubber, etc NCERT Solutions on Polymers

Unit 16: Chemistry in Everyday Life

Tranquillizers antiseptics, disinfectants, antacids, antihistamines, artificial sweetening agents, etc

Clauses (Noun Clauses, Adverb Clauses, Relative Clauses) 

Synthesis 

Phrasal Verbs (break, bring, carry, come, get, put, turn) 

Prepositions of motion, time, space and mental attitude

Balance of payments, current account, capital account, balance of payments surplus and deficit. Foreign exchange market, Foreign exchange rate, Determination of exchange rate , merits and demerits of flexible and fixed exchange rate systems, managed floating.

A Simple Economy , Central Problems of an Economy , Organisation of Economic Activities ,The Centrally Planned Economy,The Market Economy, Positive and Normative Economics, Microeconomics and Macroeconomics.

Utility, Cardinal Utility Analysis, Ordinal Utility Analysis, The Consumer’s Budget, Budget Set and Budget Line, Changes in the Budget Set, Optimal Choice of the Consumer, Demand, Demand Curve and the Law of Demand, Deriving a Demand Curve from Indifference Curves and Budget Constraints, Normal and Inferior Goods, Substitutes and Complements, Shifts in the Demand Curve , Movements along the Demand Curve and Shifts in the Demand Curve, Market Demand, Elasticity of Demand, Elasticity along a Linear Demand Curve, Factors Determining Price Elasticity of Demand for a Good, Elasticity and Expenditure.

Production Function. The Short Run and the Long Run. Total Product, Average
Product and Marginal Product. The Law of Diminishing Marginal Product and the
Law of Variable Proportions. Shapes of Total Product, Marginal Product and
Average Product Curves. Returns to Scale, Costs, Short Run and Long Run Costs .

Supply.Chapter 5: MARKET EQUILIBRIUM

Chapter 6. NON-COMPETITIVE MARKETS

Perfect Competition: Defining Features, Revenue , Profit Maximization , The Profit Maximization Problem: Graphical Representation, Supply Curve of a Firm, Short Run Supply Curve of a Firm. Long Run Supply Curve of a Firm, The Shut Down Point , The Normal Profit and Break-even Point , Determinants of a Firm’s Supply Curve,
Technological Progress, Input Prices, Market Supply Curve, Price Elasticity 

Equilibrium, Excess Demand, Excess Supply, Market Equilibrium: Fixed Number of Firms, Market Equilibrium: Free Entry and Exit, Applications, Price Ceiling Price Floor. Simple Monopoly in the Commodity Market, Market Demand Curve is the Average Revenue Curve, Total, Average and Marginal Revenues, Marginal Revenue and Price Elasticity of Demand, Short Run Equilibrium of the Monopoly Firm, Other Non-perfectly Competitive Markets , Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly

Management

Principles of Management

Business Environment

Planning

Organisaing

Staffing

Directing

Controlling

Financial Management

Financial Markets

Marketing

Consumer Protection